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Attenuation of cortisol across development for victims of sexual abuse

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Attenuation of cortisol across development for victims of sexual abuse

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Trickett, Penelope K. Noll, Jennie G. Susman, Elizabeth J. Shenk, Chad E. Putnam, Frank W.
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	Inconsistencies exist in literature examining hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis activity in children and adults who have experienced childhood abuse. Hence, the extent and manner to which childhood abuse may disrupt HPA axis development is largely unknown. To address these inconsistencies, the developmental course of nonstress cortisol in a long-term longitudinal study was assessed at six time points from childhood through adolescence and into young adulthood to determine whether childhood abuse results in disrupted cortisol activity. Nonstress, morning cortisol was measured in 84 females with confirmed familial sexual abuse and 89 nonabused, comparison females. Although dynamically controlling for co-occurring depression and anxiety, hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) showed that relative to comparison females, the linear trend for abused females was significantly less steep when cortisol was examined across development from age 6 to age 30, t (1, 180)= −22.55, p < .01, indicating attenuation in cortisol activity starting in adolescence with significantly lower levels of cortisol by early adulthood, F (1, 162) =4.78, p < .01. As a more direct test of the attenuation hypothesis, supplemental HLM analyses of data arrayed by time since the disclosure of abuse indicated that cortisol activity was initially significantly higher, t (1, 425) = 2.18, p < .05, and slopes were significantly less steep t (1, 205) = −22.66, p < .01, for abused females. These findings demonstrate how the experience of childhood abuse might disrupt the neurobiology of stress, providing some support for the attenuation hypothesis that victims of abuse may experience cortisol hyposecretion subsequent to a period of heightened secretion.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579409990332
Starting Page	165
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14692198
e-ISSN	14692198
Journal	Development and psychopathology
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	22
Language	English
Publisher Date	2010-01-01
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Developmental and Educational Psychology Psychiatry and Mental Health

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