NDLI: Two Host Cytoplasmic Effectors Are Required for Pathogenesis of Phytophthora sojae by Suppression of Host Defenses 1 [W] [OA]

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Liu, Tingli Ye, Wenwu Ru, Yanyan Yang, Xinyu Gu, Biao Tao, Kai Lu, Shan Dong, Suomeng Zheng, Xiaobo Shan, Weixing Wang, Yuanchao Dou, Daolong
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	Phytophthora sojae encodes hundreds of putative host cytoplasmic effectors with conserved FLAK motifs following signal peptides, termed crinkling- and necrosis-inducing proteins (CRN) or Crinkler. Their functions and mechanisms in pathogenesis are mostly unknown. Here, we identify a group of five P. sojae-specific CRN-like genes with high levels of sequence similarity, of which three are putative pseudogenes. Functional analysis shows that the two functional genes encode proteins with predicted nuclear localization signals that induce contrasting responses when expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana and soybean (Glycine max). PsCRN63 induces cell death, while PsCRN115 suppresses cell death elicited by the P. sojae necrosis-inducing protein (PsojNIP) or PsCRN63. Expression of CRN fragments with deleted signal peptides and FLAK motifs demonstrates that the carboxyl-terminal portions of PsCRN63 or PsCRN115 are sufficient for their activities. However, the predicted nuclear localization signal is required for PsCRN63 to induce cell death but not for PsCRN115 to suppress cell death. Furthermore, silencing of the PsCRN63 and PsCRN115 genes in P. sojae stable transformants leads to a reduction of virulence on soybean. Intriguingly, the silenced transformants lose the ability to suppress host cell death and callose deposition on inoculated plants. These results suggest a role for CRN effectors in the suppression of host defense responses.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.110.166470
Ending Page	501
Page Count	12
Starting Page	490
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00320889
e-ISSN	15322548
Journal	Plant Physiology
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	155
Language	English
Publisher	American Society of Plant Biologists
Publisher Date	2011-01-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society of Plant Biologists
Subject Keyword	Plant Science Genetics Physiology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Physiology Plant Science

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