NDLI: The Lipid A Phosphate Position Determines Differential Host Toll-Like Receptor 4 Responses to Phylogenetically Related Symbiotic and Pathogenic Bacteria▿

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Coats, Stephen R. Berezow, Alex B. To, Thao T. Jain, Sumita Bainbridge, Brian W. Banani, Karim P. Darveau, Richard P.
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	The human symbiont Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron promotes intestinal function and health, whereas the phylogenetically related pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis is associated with the chronic oral inflammatory disease periodontitis. Although both B. thetaiotaomicron and P. gingivalis synthesize lipopolysaccharides (LPS) consisting of penta-acylated, monophosphorylated lipid A in addition to immunologically silent, nonphosphorylated lipid A, they elicit strikingly distinct Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) responses. We show that the phosphate position of penta-acylated, monophosphorylated lipid A is a key feature for determining the differential TLR4 responses elicited by these evolutionarily related bacteria. B. thetaiotaomicron produces TLR4-stimulatory lipid A bearing a 1-phosphate, in contrast to P. gingivalis, which produces TLR4-evasive lipid A bearing a 4′-phosphate. Confirming these observations, recombinant Escherichia coli LPS containing penta-acylated, 1-phosphorylated lipid A is more TLR4 stimulatory than LPS containing 4′-phosphorylated lipid A. The specific capacity of a Gram-negative bacterium to alert or evade the host innate immune defense system through TLR4-dependent signaling is currently recognized as a critical aspect defining the relationship between the host and the bacterium. We propose that the distinct lipid A phosphate positions observed for the B. thetaiotaomicron and P. gingivalis LPS contributes to the manifestation of these bacteria as commensal or pathogen within the human host.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00937-10
Ending Page	210
Page Count	8
Starting Page	203
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00199567
e-ISSN	10985522
Journal	Infection and Immunity
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	79
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
Publisher Date	2011-01-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
Subject Keyword	Immunology Microbiology Parasitology Infectious Diseases Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Infectious Diseases Parasitology Immunology Microbiology

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