NDLI: Limited CD4+ T cell proliferation leads to preservation of CD4+ T cell counts in SIV-infected sooty mangabeys

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Chan, Ming Liang Petravic, Janka Ortiz, Alexandra M. Engram, Jessica Paiardini, Mirko Cromer, Deborah Silvestri, Guido Davenport, Miles P.
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infections result in chronic virus replication and progressive depletion of CD4+ T cells, leading to immunodeficiency and death. In contrast, ‘natural hosts’ of SIV experience persistent infection with high virus replication but no severe CD4+ T cell depletion, and remain AIDS-free. One important difference between pathogenic and non-pathogenic infections is the level of activation and proliferation of CD4+ T cells. We analysed the relationship between CD4+ T cell number and proliferation in HIV, pathogenic SIV in macaques, and non-pathogenic SIV in sooty mangabeys (SMs) and mandrills. We found that CD4+ T cell proliferation was negatively correlated with CD4+ T cell number, suggesting that animals respond to the loss of CD4+ T cells by increasing the proliferation of remaining cells. However, the level of proliferation seen in pathogenic infections (SIV in rhesus macaques and HIV) was much greater than in non-pathogenic infections (SMs and mandrills). We then used a modelling approach to understand how the host proliferative response to CD4+ T cell depletion may impact the outcome of infection. This modelling demonstrates that the rapid proliferation of CD4+ T cells in humans and macaques associated with low CD4+ T cell levels can act to ‘fuel the fire’ of infection by providing more proliferating cells for infection. Natural host species, on the other hand, have limited proliferation of CD4+ T cells at low CD4+ T cell levels, which allows them to restrict the number of proliferating cells susceptible to infection.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.0972
Ending Page	3781
Page Count	9
Starting Page	3773
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09628452
e-ISSN	14712954
Journal	Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
Issue Number	1701
Volume Number	277
Language	English
Publisher	The Royal Society
Publisher Date	2010-12-22
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	The Royal Society
Subject Keyword	Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all) Immunology and Microbiology(all) Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all) Environmental Science(all) Medicine(all) Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Immunology and Microbiology Medicine Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Environmental Science Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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