NDLI: The TRAIL of Helpless CD8+ T Cells in HIV Infection

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Kuerten, Stefanie Asaad, Robert J. Schoenberger, Stephen P. Angelov, Doychin N. Lehmann, Paul V. Magdalena, Tary-lehmann
Abstract	Our understanding of how CD4+ T cells can regulate CD8+ T cell responses in HIV infection is still incomplete. Recent evidence obtained in mice suggests that CD4+ T cell help is required for efficient CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity in chronic infection: CD8+ T cells primed in the absence of such help release the TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand TRAIL and undergo apoptosis. Using a novel ELISPOT assay, in the present study we show that CD8+ T cells are also a source of the antigen-specific TRAIL response in HIV-infected patients with CD4+ T cell counts below 200. In patients with CD4+ T cell counts above 200 TRAIL was not detectable. Accordingly, antigens to which patients have likely been exposed when CD4+ T cell levels were high (e.g., influenza, CMV, and EBV) did not induce TRAIL. Within the HIV-positive donor population with low CD4+ T cell counts a dissociation of the interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and TRAIL response to different HIV peptide epitopes was detectable suggesting impaired immunity to antigens that triggered TRAIL in the absence of IFN-γ. Our findings emphasize that “helpless” CD8+ T cells, i.e., cells that have been primed in the absence of CD4+ T cell help, may play a crucial role in HIV infection. A “helpless” phenotype may impair CD8+ T cell control of HIV and other infections and possibly contribute to the depletion of CD4+ T cells via apoptosis. Immunizations and infections in this “helpless” state might result in ineffective CD8+ T cell responses.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/aid.2008.0062
Ending Page	1183
Page Count	9
Starting Page	1175
File Format	PDF
ISSN	19318405
e-ISSN	19318405
Journal	AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
Issue Number	9
Volume Number	24
Language	English
Publisher	Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
Publisher Date	2008-09-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Infectious Diseases Virology Immunology

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