NDLI: Redox Signaling, Alkylation (Carbonylation) of Conserved Cysteines Inactivates Class I Histone Deacetylases 1, 2, and 3 and Antagonizes Their Transcriptional Repressor Function*

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Doyle, Kelly Fitzpatrick, F. A.
Abstract	Cells use redox signaling to adapt to oxidative stress. For instance, certain transcription factors exist in a latent state that may be disrupted by oxidative modifications that activate their transcription potential. We hypothesized that DNA-binding sites (response elements) for redox-sensitive transcription factors may also exist in a latent state, maintained by co-repressor complexes containing class I histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes, and that HDAC inactivation by oxidative stress may antagonize deacetylase activity and unmask electrophile-response elements, thus activating transcription. Electrophiles suitable to test this hypothesis include reactive carbonyl species, often derived from peroxidation of arachidonic acid. We report that α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, e.g. the cyclopentenone prostaglandin, 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2 (15d-PGJ2), and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4HNE), alkylate (carbonylate), a subset of class I HDACs including HDAC1, -2, and -3, but not HDAC8. Covalent modification at two conserved cysteine residues, corresponding to Cys261 and Cys273 in HDAC1, coincided with attenuation of histone deacetylase activity, changes in histone H3 and H4 acetylation patterns, derepression of a LEF1·β-catenin model system, and transcription of HDAC-repressed genes, e.g. heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), Gadd45, and HSP70. Identification of particular class I HDACs as components of the redox/electrophile-responsive proteome offers a basis for understanding how cells stratify their responses to varying degrees of pathophysiological oxidative stress associated with inflammation, cancer, and metabolic syndrome.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m109.089250
Ending Page	17424
Page Count	8
Starting Page	17417
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00219258
e-ISSN	1083351X
Journal	The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Issue Number	23
Volume Number	285
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Publisher Date	2010-06-04
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Subject Keyword	Cell Biology Biochemistry Molecular Biology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Biochemistry Molecular Biology

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