NDLI: Osteopontin Is Cleaved at Multiple Sites Close to Its Integrin-binding Motifs in Milk and Is a Novel Substrate for Plasmin and Cathepsin D*

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Christensen, Brian Schack, Lotte Eva, Kläning Sørensen, Esben S.
Abstract	Osteopontin (OPN) is a highly modified integrin-binding protein present in most tissues and body fluids where it has been implicated in numerous biological processes. A significant regulation of OPN function is mediated through phosphorylation and proteolytic processing. Proteolytic cleavage by thrombin and matrix metalloproteinases close to the integrin-binding Arg-Gly-Asp sequence modulates the function of OPN and its integrin binding properties. In this study, seven N-terminal OPN fragments originating from proteolytic cleavage have been characterized from human milk. Identification of the cleavage sites revealed that all fragments contained the Arg–Gly–Asp145 sequence and were generated by cleavage of the Leu151–Arg152, Arg152–Ser153, Ser153–Lys154, Lys154–Ser155, Ser155–Lys156, Lys156–Lys157, or Phe158–Arg159 peptide bonds. Six cleavages cannot be ascribed to thrombin or matrix metalloproteinase activity, whereas the cleavage at Arg152–Ser153 matches thrombin specificity for OPN. The principal protease in milk, plasmin, hydrolyzed the same peptide bond as thrombin, but its main cleavage site was identified to be Lys154–Ser155. Another endogenous milk protease, cathepsin D, cleaved the Leu151–Arg152 bond. OPN fragments corresponding to plasmin activity were also identified in urine showing that plasmin cleavage of OPN is not restricted to milk. Plasmin, but not cathepsin D, cleavage of OPN increased cell adhesion mediated by the αVβ3- or α5β1-integrins. Similar cellular adhesion was mediated by plasmin and thrombin-cleaved OPN showing that plasmin can be a potent regulator of OPN activity. These data show that OPN is highly susceptible to cleavage near its integrin-binding motifs, and the protein is a novel substrate for plasmin and cathepsin D.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m109.075010
Ending Page	7937
Page Count	9
Starting Page	7929
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00219258
e-ISSN	1083351X
Journal	The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Issue Number	11
Volume Number	285
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Publisher Date	2010-03-12
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Subject Keyword	Cell Biology Biochemistry Molecular Biology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Biochemistry Molecular Biology

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