NDLI: Functional interchangeability of rod and cone transducin α-subunits

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Deng, Wen-tao Sakurai, Keisuke Liu, Jianwen Dinculescu, Astra Li, Jie Pang, Jijing Min, Seok-hong Chiodo, Vince A. Boye, Sanford L. Chang, Bo Kefalov, Vladimir J. Hauswirth, William W.
Abstract	Rod and cone photoreceptors use similar but distinct sets of phototransduction proteins to achieve different functional properties, suitable for their role as dim and bright light receptors, respectively. For example, rod and cone visual pigments couple to distinct variants of the heterotrimeric G protein transducin. However, the role of the structural differences between rod and cone transducin α subunits (Tα) in determining the functional differences between rods and cones is unknown. To address this question, we studied the translocation and signaling properties of rod Tα expressed in cones and cone Tα expressed in rods in three mouse strains: rod Tα knockout, cone Tα GNAT2cpfl3 mutant, and rod and cone Tα double mutant rd17 mouse. Surprisingly, although the rod/cone Tα are only 79% identical, exogenously expressed rod or cone Tα localized and translocated identically to endogenous Tα in each photoreceptor type. Moreover, exogenously expressed rod or cone Tα rescued electroretinogram responses (ERGs) in mice lacking functional cone or rod Tα, respectively. Ex vivo transretinal ERG and single-cell recordings from rd17 retinas treated with rod or cone Tα showed comparable rod sensitivity and response kinetics. These results demonstrate that cone Tα forms a functional heterotrimeric G protein complex in rods and that rod and cone Tα couple equally well to the rod phototransduction cascade. Thus, rod and cone transducin α-subunits are functionally interchangeable and their signaling properties do not contribute to the intrinsic light sensitivity differences between rods and cones. Additionally, the technology used here could be adapted for any such homologue swap desired.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0901382106
Ending Page	17686
Page Count	6
Starting Page	17681
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	42
Volume Number	106
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2009-10-20
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	National Academy of Sciences
Subject Keyword	General Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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