NDLI: Pulmonary Surfactant Surface Tension Influences Alveolar Capillary Shape and Oxygenation

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Ikegami, Machiko Weaver, Timothy E. Grant, Shawn N. Whitsett, Jeffrey A.
Abstract	Alveolar capillaries are located in close proximity to the alveolar epithelium and beneath the surfactant film. We hypothesized that the shape of alveolar capillaries and accompanying oxygenation are influenced by surfactant surface tension in the alveolus. To prove our hypothesis, surfactant surface tension was regulated by conditional expression of surfactant protein (SP)-B in Sftpb −/− mice, thereby inhibiting surface tension–lowering properties of surfactant in vivo within 24 hours after depletion of Sftpb. Minimum surface tension of isolated surfactant was increased and oxygen saturation was significantly reduced after 2 days of SP-B deficiency in association with deformation of alveolar capillaries. Intravascularly injected 3.2-μm-diameter microbeads through jugular vein were retained within narrowed pulmonary capillaries after reduction of SP-B. Ultrastructure studies demonstrated that the capillary protrusion typical of the normal alveolar–capillary unit was reduced in size, consistent with altered pulmonary blood flow. Pulmonary hypertension and intrapulmonary shunting are commonly associated with surfactant deficiency and dysfunction in neonates and adults with respiratory distress syndromes. Increased surfactant surface tension caused by reduction in SP-B induced narrowing of alveolar capillaries and oxygen desaturation, demonstrating an important role of surface tension–lowering properties of surfactant in the regulation of pulmonary vascular perfusion.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1165/rcmb.2008-0359oc
Ending Page	439
Page Count	7
Starting Page	433
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10441549
e-ISSN	15354989
Journal	American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	41
Language	English
Publisher	American Thoracic Society
Publisher Date	2009-10-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Thoracic Society
Subject Keyword	Clinical Biochemistry Cell Biology Molecular Biology Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine Cell Biology Molecular Biology Clinical Biochemistry

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