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Effect of processed and red meat on endogenous nitrosation and DNA damage

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Joosen, Annemiek M. C. P. Kuhnle, Gunter G. C. Aspinall, Sue M. Barrow, Timothy M. Emmanuelle, Lecommandeur Azqueta, Amaya Collins, Andrew R. Bingham, Sheila A.
Copyright Year	2009
Abstract	Haem in red meat (RM) stimulates the endogenous production of mutagenic nitroso compounds (NOC). Processed (nitrite-preserved red) meat additionally contains high concentrations of preformed NOC. In two studies, of a fresh RM versus a vegetarian (VEG) diet (six males and six females) and of a nitrite-preserved red meat (PM) versus a VEG diet (5 males and 11 females), we investigated whether processing of meat might increase colorectal cancer risk by stimulating nitrosation and DNA damage. Meat diets contained 420 g (males) or 366 g (females) meat/per day. Faecal homogenates from day 10 onwards were analysed for haem and NOC and associated supernatants for genotoxicity. Means are adjusted for differences in male to female ratios between studies. Faecal NOC concentrations on VEG diets were low (2.6 and 3.5 mmol/g) but significantly higher on meat diets (PM 175 ± 19 nmol/g versus RM 185 ± 22 nmol/g; P = 0.75). The RM diet resulted in a larger proportion of nitrosyl iron (RM 78% versus PM 54%; P < 0.0001) and less nitrosothiols (RM 12% versus PM 19%; P < 0.01) and other NOC (RM 10% versus PM 27%; P < 0.0001). There was no statistically significant difference in DNA breaks induced by faecal water (FW) following PM and RM diets (P = 0.80). However, PM resulted in higher levels of oxidized pyrimidines (P < 0.05). Surprisingly, VEG diets resulted in significantly more FW-induced DNA strand breaks than the meat diets (P < 0.05), which needs to be clarified in further studies. Meats cured with nitrite have the same effect as fresh RM on endogenous nitrosation but show increased FW-induced oxidative DNA damage.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgp130
Ending Page	1407
Page Count	6
Starting Page	1402
File Format	PDF
ISSN	01433334
e-ISSN	14602180
Journal	Carcinogenesis
Issue Number	8
Volume Number	30
Language	English
Publisher	Oxford University Press
Publisher Date	2009-08-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Oxford University Press
Subject Keyword	Cancer Research Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Cancer Research

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