NDLI: Nine exceptional radiations plus high turnover explain species diversity in jawed vertebrates

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Alfaro, Michael E. Santini, Francesco Brock, Chad Alamillo, Hugo Alex, Dornburg Rabosky, Daniel L. Carnevale, Giorgio Harmon, Luke J.
Abstract	The uneven distribution of species richness is a fundamental and unexplained pattern of vertebrate biodiversity. Although species richness in groups like mammals, birds, or teleost fishes is often attributed to accelerated cladogenesis, we lack a quantitative conceptual framework for identifying and comparing the exceptional changes of tempo in vertebrate evolutionary history. We develop MEDUSA, a stepwise approach based upon the Akaike information criterion for detecting multiple shifts in birth and death rates on an incompletely resolved phylogeny. We apply MEDUSA incompletely to a diversity tree summarizing both evolutionary relationships and species richness of 44 major clades of jawed vertebrates. We identify 9 major changes in the tempo of gnathostome diversification; the most significant of these lies at the base of a clade that includes most of the coral-reef associated fishes as well as cichlids and perches. Rate increases also underlie several well recognized tetrapod radiations, including most modern birds, lizards and snakes, ostariophysan fishes, and most eutherian mammals. In addition, we find that large sections of the vertebrate tree exhibit nearly equal rates of origination and extinction, providing some of the first evidence from molecular data for the importance of faunal turnover in shaping biodiversity. Together, these results reveal living vertebrate biodiversity to be the product of volatile turnover punctuated by 6 accelerations responsible for >85% of all species as well as 3 slowdowns that have produced “living fossils.” In addition, by revealing the timing of the exceptional pulses of vertebrate diversification as well as the clades that experience them, our diversity tree provides a framework for evaluating particular causal hypotheses of vertebrate radiations.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811087106
Ending Page	13414
Page Count	5
Starting Page	13410
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	32
Volume Number	106
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2009-08-11
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	National Academy of Sciences
Subject Keyword	General Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Nine exceptional radiations plus high turnover explain species diversity in jawed vertebrates.

Molecular synapomorphies resolve evolutionary relationships of extant jawed vertebrates

The origin and early phylogenetic history of jawed vertebrates

IgD, like IgM, is a primordial immunoglobulin class perpetuated in most jawed vertebrates

Gene cooption and convergent evolution of oxygen transport hemoglobins in jawed and jawless vertebrates

End-Devonian extinction and a bottleneck in the early evolution of modern jawed vertebrates

Heterogeneous Conservation of Dlx Paralog Co-Expression in Jawed Vertebrates

T-cell receptor gene homologs are present in the most primitive jawed vertebrates.

Supplementary files for: The oldest complete jawed vertebrates from the early Silurian of China (Dataset)

Nine exceptional radiations plus high turnover explain species diversity in jawed vertebrates

Similar Documents

Nine exceptional radiations plus high turnover explain species diversity in jawed vertebrates.

Molecular synapomorphies resolve evolutionary relationships of extant jawed vertebrates

The origin and early phylogenetic history of jawed vertebrates

IgD, like IgM, is a primordial immunoglobulin class perpetuated in most jawed vertebrates

Gene cooption and convergent evolution of oxygen transport hemoglobins in jawed and jawless vertebrates

End-Devonian extinction and a bottleneck in the early evolution of modern jawed vertebrates

Heterogeneous Conservation of Dlx Paralog Co-Expression in Jawed Vertebrates

T-cell receptor gene homologs are present in the most primitive jawed vertebrates.

Supplementary files for: The oldest complete jawed vertebrates from the early Silurian of China (Dataset)

Nine exceptional radiations plus high turnover explain species diversity in jawed vertebrates