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| Content Provider | PubMed Central |
|---|---|
| Author | Pankaj, Dhonukshe Tanaka, Hirokazu Goh, Tatsuaki Kazuo, Ebine Mähönen, Ari Pekka Prasad, Kalika Ikram, Blilou Geldner, Niko Xu, Jian Uemura, Tomohiro Chory, Joanne Ueda, Takashi Nakano, Akihiko Ben, Scheres Friml, Jiří |
| Abstract | Dynamically polarized membrane proteins define different cell boundaries and have an important role in intercellular communication—a vital feature of multicellular development. Efflux carriers for the signalling molecule auxin from the PIN family1 are landmarks of cell polarity in plants and have a crucial involvement in auxin distribution-dependent development including embryo patterning, organogenesis and tropisms2–7. Polar PIN localization determines the direction of intercellular auxin flow8, yet the mechanisms generating PIN polarity remain unclear. Here we identify an endocytosis-dependent mechanism of PIN polarity generation and analyse its developmental implications. Real-time PIN tracking showed that after synthesis, PINs are initially delivered to the plasma membrane in a non-polar manner and their polarity is established by subsequent endocytic recycling. Interference with PIN endocytosis either by auxin or by manipulation of the Arabidopsis Rab5 GTPase pathway prevents PIN polarization. Failure of PIN polarization transiently alters asymmetric auxin distribution during embryogenesis and increases the local auxin response in apical embryo regions. This results in ectopic expression of auxin pathway-associated root-forming master regulators in embryonic leaves and promotes homeotic transformation of leaves to roots. Our results indicate a two-step mechanism for the generation of PIN polar localization and the essential role of endocytosis in this process. It also highlights the link between endocytosis-dependent polarity of individual cells and auxin distribution-dependent cell fate establishment for multicellular patterning. |
| Related Links | http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature07409 |
| Ending Page | 966 |
| Page Count | 5 |
| Starting Page | 962 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 00280836 |
| e-ISSN | 14764687 |
| Journal | Nature |
| Issue Number | 7224 |
| Volume Number | 456 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher Date | 2008-12-18 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | General Research in Higher Education |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Multidisciplinary |
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