NDLI: Intrinsic disorder in transcription factors†

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Liu, Jiangang Perumal, Narayanan B. Oldfield, Christopher J. Su, Eric W. Uversky, Vladimir N. Dunker, A. Keith
Abstract	Intrinsic disorder (ID) is highly abundant in eukaryotes, which reflect the greater need for disorder-associated signaling and transcriptional regulation in nucleated cells. Although several well-characterized examples of intrinsically disordered proteins in transcriptional regulation have been reported, no systematic analysis has been reported so far. To test for a general prevalence of intrinsic disorder in transcriptional regulation, we used the Predictor Of Natural Disorder Regions (PONDR) to analyze the abundance of intrinsic disorder in three transcription factor datasets and two control sets. This analysis revealed that from 94.13% to 82.63% of transcription factors posses extended regions of intrinsic disorder, relative to 54.51% and 18.64% of the proteins in two control datasets, which indicates the significant prevalence of intrinsic disorder in transcription factors. This propensity of transcription factors for intrinsic disorder was confirmed by cumulative distribution function analysis and charge-hydropathy plots. The amino acid composition analysis showed that all three transcription factor datasets were substantially depleted in order-promoting residues, and significantly enriched in disorder-promoting residues. Our analysis of the distribution of disorder within the transcription factor datasets revealed that: (a) The AT-hooks and basic regions of transcription factor DNA-binding domains are highly disordered; (b) The degree of disorder in transcription factor activation regions is much higher than that in DNA-binding domains; (c) The degree of disorder is significantly higher in eukaryotic transcription factors than in prokaryotic transcription factors; (d) The level of α-MoRFs (molecular recognition feature) prediction is much higher in transcription factors. Overall, our data reflected the fact that the eukaryotes with well-developed gene transcription machinery require transcription factor flexibility to be more efficient.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi0602718
Ending Page	6888
Page Count	16
Starting Page	6873
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00062960
e-ISSN	15204995
Journal	Biochemistry
Issue Number	22
Volume Number	45
Language	English
Publisher Date	2006-06-01
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Biochemistry Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biochemistry

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