NDLI: ATP is released by monocytes stimulated with pathogen-sensing receptor ligands and induces IL-1β and IL-18 secretion in an autocrine way

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Piccini, Alessandra Carta, Sonia Tassi, Sara Denise, Lasiglié Fossati, Gianluca Anna, Rubartelli
Abstract	IL-1β and IL-18 are crucial mediators of inflammation, and a defective control of their release may cause serious diseases. Yet, the mechanisms regulating IL-1β and IL-18 secretion are partially undefined. Both cytokines are produced as inactive cytoplasmic precursors. Processing to the active form is mediated by caspase-1, which is in turn activated by the multiprotein complex inflammasome. Here, we show that in primary human monocytes microbial components acting on different pathogen-sensing receptors and the danger-associated molecule uric acid are all competent to induce maturation and secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 through a process that involves as a first event the extracellular release of endogenous ATP. ATP release is followed by autocrine stimulation of the purinergic receptors P2X7. Indeed, antagonists of the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R), or treatment with apyrase, prevent IL-1β and IL-18 maturation and secretion triggered by the different stimuli. At variance, blocking P2X7R activity has no effects on IL-1β secretion by monocytes carrying a mutated inflammasome that does not require exogenous ATP for activation. P2X7R engagement is followed by K+ efflux and activation of phospholipase A2. Both events are required for processing and secretion induced by all of the stimuli. Thus, stimuli acting on different pathogen-sensing receptors converge on a common pathway where ATP externalization is the first step in the cascade of events leading to inflammasome activation and IL-1β and IL-18 secretion.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0709684105
Ending Page	8072
Page Count	6
Starting Page	8067
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	23
Volume Number	105
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2008-06-10
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	National Academy of Sciences
Subject Keyword	General Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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