NDLI: Complete Genome Sequence of Nitrosospira multiformis, an Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacterium from the Soil Environment▿ †

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Norton, Jeanette M. Klotz, Martin G. Stein, Lisa Y. Arp, Daniel J. Bottomley, Peter J. Chain, Patrick S. G. Hauser, Loren J. Land, Miriam L. Larimer, Frank W. Shin, Maria W. Starkenburg, Shawn R.
Abstract	The complete genome of the ammonia-oxidizing bacterium Nitrosospira multiformis (ATCC 25196T) consists of a circular chromosome and three small plasmids totaling 3,234,309 bp and encoding 2,827 putative proteins. Of the 2,827 putative proteins, 2,026 proteins have predicted functions and 801 are without conserved functional domains, yet 747 of these have similarity to other predicted proteins in databases. Gene homologs from Nitrosomonas europaea and Nitrosomonas eutropha were the best match for 42% of the predicted genes in N. multiformis. The N. multiformis genome contains three nearly identical copies of amo and hao gene clusters as large repeats. The features of N. multiformis that distinguish it from N. europaea include the presence of gene clusters encoding urease and hydrogenase, a ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase-encoding operon of distinctive structure and phylogeny, and a relatively small complement of genes related to Fe acquisition. Systems for synthesis of a pyoverdine-like siderophore and for acyl-homoserine lactone were unique to N. multiformis among the sequenced genomes of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. Gene clusters encoding proteins associated with outer membrane and cell envelope functions, including transporters, porins, exopolysaccharide synthesis, capsule formation, and protein sorting/export, were abundant. Numerous sensory transduction and response regulator gene systems directed toward sensing of the extracellular environment are described. Gene clusters for glycogen, polyphosphate, and cyanophycin storage and utilization were identified, providing mechanisms for meeting energy requirements under substrate-limited conditions. The genome of N. multiformis encodes the core pathways for chemolithoautotrophy along with adaptations for surface growth and survival in soil environments.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02722-07
Ending Page	3572
Page Count	14
Starting Page	3559
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00992240
e-ISSN	10985336
Journal	Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Issue Number	11
Volume Number	74
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
Publisher Date	2008-06-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
Subject Keyword	Biotechnology Food Science Ecology Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Food Science Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Biotechnology

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