NDLI: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes release gamma interferon, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and TNF-beta when they encounter their target antigens.

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Apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor in cells chronically infected with feline immunodeficiency virus.

Resistance of herpes simplex virus type 2 to neomycin maps to the N-terminal portion of glycoprotein C.

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Sequence and characterization of the major early phosphoprotein p32 of African swine fever virus.

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Comparison of DNA binding and integration half-site selection by avian myeloblastosis virus integrase.

Biochemical, genetic, and functional analyses of the phosphorylation sites on the Epstein-Barr virus-encoded oncogenic latent membrane protein LMP-1.

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Competition between baculovirus polyhedrin and p10 gene expression during infection of insect cells.

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Vaccinia virus morphogenesis is blocked by a temperature-sensitive mutation in the I7 gene that encodes a virion component.

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Easily unwound DNA sequences and hairpin structures in the Epstein-Barr virus origin of plasmid replication.

Flock house virus: down-regulation of subgenomic RNA3 synthesis does not involve coat protein and is targeted to synthesis of its positive strand.

Analysis of the evolution and variation of the human influenza A virus nucleoprotein gene from 1933 to 1990.

Identification and baculovirus expression of the VP4 protein of the human group B rotavirus ADRV.

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Effects of amino acid changes in the extracellular domain of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp41 envelope glycoprotein.

Use of recombinant baculoviruses in synthesis of morphologically distinct viruslike particles of flock house virus, a nodavirus.

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Rescue of synthetic analogs of genomic RNA and replicative-intermediate RNA of human parainfluenza virus type 3.

Opening and refolding of simian virus 40 and in vitro packaging of foreign DNA.

Assembly-defective point mutants of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag precursor phenotypically expressed in recombinant baculovirus-infected cells.

Production and characterization of human proliferative T-cell clones specific for human papillomavirus type 1 E4 protein.

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Bromovirus movement protein genes play a crucial role in host specificity.

Truncation of the cytoplasmic domain of the simian immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein increases env incorporation into particles and fusogenicity and infectivity.

Characterization of the hepatitis C virus-encoded serine proteinase: determination of proteinase-dependent polyprotein cleavage sites.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes release gamma interferon, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and TNF-beta when they encounter their target antigens.

Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 2 transactivates the long terminal repeat of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

Mutation of the C/EBP binding sites in the Rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat and gag enhancers.

The RRE of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 contributes to cell-type-specific viral tropism.

Protein P4 of double-stranded RNA bacteriophage phi 6 is accessible on the nucleocapsid surface: epitope mapping and orientation of the protein.

Conservation of determinants for class II-restricted T cells within site E of influenza virus hemagglutinin and factors influencing their expression.

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Precise missense and silent point mutations are fixed in the genomes of poliovirus mutants from persistently infected cells.

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Identification of an amino acid that defines the fusogenicity of mumps virus.

The 23-kilodalton E1 phosphoprotein of bovine papillomavirus type 1 is nonessential for stable plasmid replication in murine C127 cells.

Dilute passage promotes expression of genetic and phenotypic variants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in cell culture.

Induction of the cell cycle in baby rat kidney cells by adenovirus type 5 E1A in the absence of E1B and a possible influence of p53.

Crystallization of viruslike particles assembled from flock house virus coat protein expressed in a baculovirus system.

Orientation of the cleavage site of the herpes simplex virus glycoprotein G-2.

New Sites of Proviral Integration Associated with Murine Promonocytic Leukemias and Evidence for Alternate Modes of c-myb Activation

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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes release gamma interferon, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and TNF-beta when they encounter their target antigens.

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Jassoy, C. Harrer, T. Rosenthal, T. Navia, B. A. Worth, J. Johnson, R. P. Walker, B. D.
Abstract	Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is associated with elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of infected persons, but the sources of these proteins as well as the specific stimuli which trigger their production and release have not been fully defined. In this study, we evaluated the ability of HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) clones derived from seropositive persons to release gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and TNF-beta upon contact with target cells presenting viral antigen. Peripheral blood- and cerebrospinal fluid-derived HIV-1-specific CD3+ CD4- CD8+ CTL clones as well as freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from infected persons were tested in parallel for HIV-1-specific cytotoxicity and cytokine release. Target cells consisted of autologous and allogeneic B-lymphoblastoid cell lines sensitized with synthetic HIV-1 peptides containing the epitopes recognized by these CTL. Cytokine production was measured by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of culture supernatant fluid. HIV-1-specific CTL clones directed at envelope, Gag, reverse transcriptase, and Nef epitopes specifically released IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and TNF-beta upon contact with their relevant target epitopes but not following contact with irrelevant epitopes. These cytokines were released in an HLA class I-restricted fashion, and release was detectable as early as 4 to 6 h of incubation and remained elevated at 48 h. Fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a seropositive person likewise released IFN-gamma in an antigen-specific and HLA class I-restricted manner when incubated with target cells presenting a peptide containing a CTL epitope, paralleling the HIV-specific cytolytic activity of these cells. These studies indicate that in addition to mediating direct cytotoxicity, HIV-1-specific CTL may affect other immune responses by releasing IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and TNF-beta. Elevated levels of these cytokines which have been detected in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of infected persons may be due at least in part to the persistent HIV-1-specific CTL response.
Starting Page	2844
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10985514
e-ISSN	10985514
Journal	Journal of Virology
Issue Number	5
Volume Number	67
Language	English
Publisher Date	1993-05-01
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Virology Immunology Microbiology Insect Science

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