NDLI: Neural prostheses

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Prochazka, Arthur Mushahwar, Vivian K. Mccreery, Douglas B.
Copyright Year	2001
Abstract	Assuming that neural regeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI) will eventually become a clinical reality, functional recovery will probably remain incomplete. Assistive devices will therefore continue to play an important role in rehabilitation. Neural prostheses (NPs) are assistive devices that restore functions lost as a result of neural damage. NPs electrically stimulate nerves and are either external or implanted devices. Surface stimulators for muscle exercise are now commonplace in rehabilitation clinics and many homes. Regarding implantable NPs, since 1963 over 40 000 have been implanted to restore hearing, bladder control and respiration. Epidural spinal cord stimulators and deep brain stimulators are routinely implanted to control pain, spasticity, tremor and rigidity. Implantable NPs have also been developed to restore limb movements using electrodes tunnelled under the skin to muscles and nerves. Spinal cord microstimulation (SCμstim) is under study as an alternative way of restoring movement and bladder control. Improvement in bladder and bowel function is a high priority for many SCI people. Sacral root stimulation to elicit bladder contraction is the current NP approach, but this usually requires dorsal rhizotomies to reduce reflex contractions of the external urethral sphincter. It is possible that the spinal centres coordinating the bladder-sphincter synergy could be activated with SCμstim. Given the large and growing number of NPs in use or development, it is surprising how little is known about their long-term interactions with the nervous system. Physiological research will play an important role in elucidating the mechanisms underlying these interactions.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7793.2001.0099b.x
Ending Page	109
Page Count	11
Starting Page	99
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00223751
e-ISSN	14697793
Journal	The Journal of Physiology
Issue Number	Pt 1
Volume Number	533
Language	English
Publisher	Blackwell Science Inc
Publisher Date	2001-05-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Blackwell Science Inc
Subject Keyword	Physiology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physiology Sports Science

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Factor-Analysis Methods for Higher-Performance Neural Prostheses

From Neuromuscular Activation to End-point Locomotion: An Artificial Neural Network-based Technique for Neural Prostheses

Detecting Neural-State Transitions Using Hidden Markov Models for Motor Cortical Prostheses

Cementless Femoral Prostheses Cost More to Implant than Cemented Femoral Prostheses

Dynamic ATP signalling and neural development

Sympathetic neural activation: an ordered affair

The neural basis of visual attention

Neural circuits in movement control

Found in translation: neural feedback from exercising muscles

Neural prostheses

Similar Documents

Factor-Analysis Methods for Higher-Performance Neural Prostheses

From Neuromuscular Activation to End-point Locomotion: An Artificial Neural Network-based Technique for Neural Prostheses

Detecting Neural-State Transitions Using Hidden Markov Models for Motor Cortical Prostheses

Cementless Femoral Prostheses Cost More to Implant than Cemented Femoral Prostheses

Dynamic ATP signalling and neural development

Sympathetic neural activation: an ordered affair

The neural basis of visual attention

Neural circuits in movement control

Found in translation: neural feedback from exercising muscles

Neural prostheses