NDLI: Recycling of Shiga Toxin 2 Genes in Sorbitol-Fermenting Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:NM▿

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Alexander, Mellmann Lu, Shan Karch, Helge Xu, Jian-guo Harmsen, Dag Schmidt, M. Alexander Martina, Bielaszewska
Abstract	Using colony blot hybridization with stx 2 and eae probes and agglutination in anti-O157 lipopolysaccharide serum, we isolated stx 2-positive and eae-positive sorbitol-fermenting (SF) enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:NM (nonmotile) strains from initial stool specimens and stx-negative and eae-positive SF E. coli O157:NM strains from follow-up specimens (collected 3 to 8 days later) from three children. The stx-negative isolates from each patient shared with the corresponding stx 2-positive isolates fliC H7, non-stx virulence traits, and multilocus sequence types, which indicates that they arose from the stx 2-positive strains by loss of stx 2 during infection. Analysis of the integrity of the yecE gene, a possible stx phage integration site in EHEC O157, in the consecutive stx 2-positive and stx-negative isolates demonstrated that yecE was occupied in stx 2-positive but intact in stx-negative strains. It was possible to infect and lysogenize the stx-negative E. coli O157 strains in vitro using an stx 2-harboring bacteriophage from one of the SF EHEC O157:NM isolates. The acquisition of the stx 2-containing phage resulted in the occupation of yecE and production of biologically active Shiga toxin 2. We conclude that the yecE gene in SF E. coli O157:NM is a hot spot for excision and integration of Shiga toxin 2-encoding bacteriophages. SF EHEC O157:NM strains and their stx-negative derivatives thus represent a highly dynamic system that can convert in both directions by the loss and gain of stx 2-harboring phages. The ability to recycle stx 2, a critical virulence trait, makes SF E. coli O157:NM strains ephemeral EHEC that can exist as stx-negative variants during certain phases of their life cycle.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01906-07
Starting Page	67
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10985336
e-ISSN	10985336
Journal	Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	74
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
Publisher Date	2008-01-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Food Science Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Biotechnology

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