NDLI: Dendritic Cells Are Less Susceptible to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) Infection than to HIV-1 Infection▿

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Duvall, Melody G. Karin, Loré Blaak, Hetty Ambrozak, David A. Adams, William C. Santos, Kathlyn Geldmacher, Christof Mascola, John R. Mcmichael, Andrew J. Jaye, Assan Whittle, Hilton C. Rowland-jones, Sarah L. Koup, Richard A.
Abstract	Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of dendritic cells (DCs) has been documented in vivo and may be an important contributor to HIV-1 transmission and pathogenesis. HIV-1-specific CD4+ T cells respond to HIV antigens presented by HIV-1-infected DCs and in this process become infected, thereby providing a mechanism through which HIV-1-specific CD4+ T cells could become preferentially infected in vivo. HIV-2 disease is attenuated with respect to HIV-1 disease, and host immune responses are thought to be contributory. Here we investigated the susceptibility of primary myeloid DCs (mDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) to infection by HIV-2. We found that neither CCR5-tropic primary HIV-2 isolates nor a lab-adapted CXCR4-tropic HIV-2 strain could efficiently infect mDCs or pDCs, though these viruses could infect primary CD4+ T cells in vitro. HIV-2-exposed mDCs were also incapable of transferring virus to autologous CD4+ T cells. Despite this, we found that HIV-2-specific CD4+ T cells contained more viral DNA than memory CD4+ T cells of other specificities in vivo. These data suggest that either infection of DCs is not an important contributor to infection of HIV-2-specific CD4+ T cells in vivo or that infection of DCs by HIV-2 occurs at a level that is undetectable in vitro. The frequent carriage of HIV-2 DNA within HIV-2-specific CD4+ T cells, however, does not appear to be incompatible with preserved numbers and functionality of HIV-2-specific CD4+ T cells in vivo, suggesting that additional mechanisms contribute to maintenance of HIV-2-specific CD4+ T-cell help in vivo.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00976-07
Ending Page	13498
Page Count	13
Starting Page	13486
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0022538X
e-ISSN	10985514
Journal	Journal of Virology
Issue Number	24
Volume Number	81
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
Publisher Date	2007-12-15
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
Subject Keyword	Immunology Virology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Virology Immunology Microbiology Insect Science

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