NDLI: Unconventional Myosins in Inner-Ear Sensory Epithelia

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Hasson, Tama Gillespie, Peter G. Garcia, Jesus A. Macdonald, Richard B. Zhao, Yi-dong Yee, Ann G. Mooseker, Mark S. Corey, David P.
Copyright Year	1997
Abstract	To understand how cells differentially use the dozens of myosin isozymes present in each genome, we examined the distribution of four unconventional myosin isozymes in the inner ear, a tissue that is particularly reliant on actin-rich structures and unconventional myosin isozymes. Of the four isozymes, each from a different class, three are expressed in the hair cells of amphibia and mammals. In stereocilia, constructed of cross-linked F-actin filaments, myosin-Iβ is found mostly near stereociliary tips, myosin-VI is largely absent, and myosin-VIIa colocalizes with crosslinks that connect adjacent stereocilia. In the cuticular plate, a meshwork of actin filaments, myosin-Iβ is excluded, myosin-VI is concentrated, and modest amounts of myosin-VIIa are present. These three myosin isozymes are excluded from other actin-rich domains, including the circumferential actin belt and the cortical actin network. A member of a fourth class, myosin-V, is not expressed in hair cells but is present at high levels in afferent nerve cells that innervate hair cells. Substantial amounts of myosins-Iβ, -VI, and -VIIa are located in a pericuticular necklace that is largely free of F-actin, squeezed between (but not associated with) actin of the cuticular plate and the circumferential belt. Our localization results suggest specific functions for three hair-cell myosin isozymes. As suggested previously, myosin-Iβ probably plays a role in adaptation; concentration of myosin-VI in cuticular plates and association with stereociliary rootlets suggest that this isozyme participates in rigidly anchoring stereocilia; and finally, colocalization with cross-links between adjacent stereocilia indicates that myosin-VIIa is required for the structural integrity of hair bundles.
Starting Page	1287
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15408140
e-ISSN	15408140
Journal	The Journal of Cell Biology
Issue Number	6
Volume Number	137
Language	English
Publisher	The Rockefeller University Press
Publisher Date	1997-06-16
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	The Rockefeller University Press
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Medicine

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