NDLI: Regulation of intestinal uroguanylin/guanylin receptor-mediated responses by mucosal acidity

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Hamra, F. Kent Eber, Sammy L. Chin, David T. Currie, Mark G. Forte, Leonard R.
Copyright Year	1997
Abstract	Guanylin and uroguanylin are intestinal peptides that stimulate chloride secretion by activating a common set of receptor–guanylate cyclase signaling molecules located on the mucosal surface of enterocytes. High mucosal acidity, similar to the pH occurring within the fluid microclimate domain at the mucosal surface of the intestine, markedly enhances the cGMP accumulation responses of T84 human intestinal cells to uroguanylin. In contrast, a mucosal acidity of pH 5.0 renders guanylin essentially inactive. T84 cells were used as a model epithelium to further explore the concept that mucosal acidity imposes agonist selectivity for activation of the intestinal receptors for uroguanylin and guanylin, thus providing a rationale for the evolution of these related peptides. At an acidic mucosal pH of 5.0, uroguanylin is 100-fold more potent than guanylin, but at an alkaline pH of 8.0 guanylin is more potent than uroguanylin in stimulating intracellular cGMP accumulation and transepithelial chloride secretion. The relative affinities of uroguanylin and guanylin for binding to receptors on the mucosal surface of T84 cells is influenced dramatically by mucosal acidity, which explains the strong pH dependency of the cGMP and chloride secretion responses to these peptides. The guanylin-binding affinities for peptide–receptor interaction were reduced by 100-fold at pH 5 versus pH 8, whereas the affinities of uroguanylin for these receptors were increased 10-fold by acidic pH conditions. Deletion of the N-terminal acidic amino acids in uroguanylin demonstrated that these residues are responsible for the increase in binding affinities that are observed for uroguanylin at acidic pH. We conclude that guanylin and uroguanylin evolved distinctly different structures, which enables both peptides to regulate, in a pH-dependent fashion, the activity of receptors that control intestinal salt and water transport via cGMP.
Starting Page	2705
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10916490
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	6
Volume Number	94
Language	English
Publisher	The National Academy of Sciences of the USA
Publisher Date	1997-03-18
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	The National Academy of Sciences of the USA
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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