NDLI: Rapid Displacement of Cryptosporidium parvum Type 1 by Type 2 in Mixed Infections in Piglets

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Akiyoshi, Donna E. Mor, Siobhan Tzipori, Saul
Copyright Year	2003
Abstract	Genotypes 1 and 2 of Cryptosporidium parvum are the primary types associated with infections in humans, with type 1 being by far the predominant genotype. The frequency of mixed infection with both genotypes in humans is relatively rare, while type 1, which experimentally infects other mammals, has been found to naturally infect almost exclusively humans. One possible explanation for the absence of type 1 in other mammals and the low frequency of mixed infections in humans is the inability of type 1 to compete with type 2 in nature when both occur simultaneously. To investigate this, we challenged gnotobiotic piglets with equal number of oocysts of type 1 and type 2, given either simultaneously or with type 2 given 24 or 48 h after type 1. The genotype of the oocysts excreted in feces and the relative distribution of each of the genotypes throughout the gut at necropsy were determined. Regardless of the time interval between challenges with the two genotypes, type 2 invariably displaced type 1. The rate of displacement was rapid when both genotypes were given simultaneously, after which no traces of type 1 were detected in the feces or in gut sections by PCR. Infection with type 1 24 or 48 h before challenge with type 2, while permitting type 1 to become established, was still rapidly eliminated within 3 days after challenge with type 2. These observations have major implications regarding the relative perpetuation and survival of these two genotypes in mammals.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.71.10.5765-5771.2003
Ending Page	5771
Page Count	7
Starting Page	5765
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00199567
e-ISSN	10985522
Journal	Infection and Immunity
Issue Number	10
Volume Number	71
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Microbiology
Publisher Date	2003-10-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Microbiology
Subject Keyword	Immunology Microbiology Parasitology Infectious Diseases Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Infectious Diseases Parasitology Immunology Microbiology

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