NDLI: Replication and pathogenicity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 accessory gene mutants in SCID-hu mice.

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Polyomavirus middle-T antigen associates with the kinase domain of Src-related tyrosine kinases.

ras oncogene-dependent activation of the P4 promoter of minute virus of mice through a proximal P4 element interacting with the Ets family of transcription factors.

Molecular determinants of acute single-cell lysis by human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

The receptor-binding domain of pseudorabies virus glycoprotein gC is composed of multiple discrete units that are functionally redundant.

Murine cytomegalovirus with a deletion of genes spanning HindIII-J and -I displays altered cell and tissue tropism.

Apoptosis is induced by N-myc expression in hepatocytes, a frequent event in hepadnavirus oncogenesis, and is blocked by insulin-like growth factor II.

Extracellular human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein is associated with an increase in both NF-kappa B binding and protein kinase C activity in primary human astrocytes.

Single amino acid changes in the DNA polymerase confer foscarnet resistance and slow-growth phenotype, while mutations in the UL97-encoded phosphotransferase confer ganciclovir resistance in three double-resistant human cytomegalovirus strains recovered from patients with AIDS.

Properties of the adenovirus IVa2 gene product, an effector of late-phase-dependent activation of the major late promoter.

Palmitylation of the influenza virus hemagglutinin (H3) is not essential for virus assembly or infectivity.

Human cytomegalovirus carries serine/threonine protein phosphatases PP1 and a host-cell derived PP2A.

The role of manganese in promoting multimerization and assembly of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase as a catalytically active complex on immobilized long terminal repeat substrates.

Characterization of two novel YY1 binding sites in the polyomavirus late promoter.

A preferred region for recombinational patch repair in the 5' untranslated region of primer binding site-impaired murine leukemia virus vectors.

Investigation of the pathogenesis of transplacental transmission of Aleutian mink disease parvovirus in experimentally infected mink.

Attenuation stem-loop lesions in the 5' noncoding region of poliovirus RNA: neuronal cell-specific translation defects.

Identification of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat epitope that is neuroexcitatory and neurotoxic.

Identification and characterization of a new and distinct molecular subtype of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 2.

Comparing transcriptional activation and autostimulation by ZEBRA and ZEBRA/c-Fos chimeras.

Replication and pathogenicity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 accessory gene mutants in SCID-hu mice.

Functional comparison of PML-type and archetype strains of JC virus.

Modulation by gamma interferon of antiviral cell-mediated immune responses in vivo.

Inhibition of Nef- and phorbol ester-induced CD4 degradation by macrolide antibiotics.

Downstream regulatory elements increase acute and latent herpes simplex virus type 2 latency-associated transcript expression but do not influence recurrence phenotype or establishment of latency.

Sequence requirements for binding of Rep68 to the adeno-associated virus terminal repeats.

Inducible translational regulation of the NF-IL6 transcription factor by respiratory syncytial virus infection in pulmonary epithelial cells.

Identification and mapping of functional domains on human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 envelope proteins by using synthetic peptides.

Transport and processing of the Rous sarcoma virus Gag protein in the endoplasmic reticulum.

Monoclonal antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase: epitope mapping and differential effects on integrase activities in vitro.

Classical swine fever virus: recovery of infectious viruses from cDNA constructs and generation of recombinant cytopathogenic defective interfering particles.

A chimeric human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) minimal Rev response element-ribozyme molecule exhibits dual antiviral function and inhibits cell-cell transmission of HIV-1.

Targeted mutagenesis of the human papillomavirus type 16 E2 transactivation domain reveals separable transcriptional activation and DNA replication functions.

A common mechanism for the enhancement of mRNA 3' processing by U3 sequences in two distantly related lentiviruses.

The exogenous form of Jaagsiekte retrovirus is specifically associated with a contagious lung cancer of sheep.

Sequences within a small yeast RNA required for inhibition of internal initiation of translation: interaction with La and other cellular proteins influences its inhibitory activity.

Interspecies transmission of macaque simian T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type 1 in baboons resulted in an outbreak of malignant lymphoma.

Glycoprotein B of herpes simplex virus type 1 oligomerizes through the intermolecular interaction of a 28-amino-acid domain.

Molecular cloning and analysis of functional envelope genes from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 sequence subtypes A through G. The WHO and NIAID Networks for HIV Isolation and Characterization.

Rescue and replication of adeno-associated virus type 2 as well as vector DNA sequences from recombinant plasmids containing deletions in the viral inverted terminal repeats: selective encapsidation of viral genomes in progeny virions.

Mutational analysis identifies functional domains in the influenza A virus PB2 polymerase subunit.

Efficient initiation and strand transfer of polypurine tract-primed plus-strand DNA prevent strand transfer of internally initiated plus-strand DNA.

Molecular genetic analysis of Epstein-Barr virus Cp promoter function.

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The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmembrane gp41 protein is a calcium-binding protein and interacts with the putative second-receptor molecules in a calcium-dependent manner.

Theiler's virus persistence and demyelination in major histocompatibility complex class II-deficient mice.

Identification of a herpesvirus Saimiri cis-acting DNA fragment that permits stable replication of episomes in transformed T cells.

Entry kinetics and mouse virulence of Ross River virus mutants altered in neutralization epitopes.

Characterization of nuclear structures in cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 in the absence of viral DNA replication.

Functional order of assembly of herpes simplex virus DNA replication proteins into prereplicative site structures.

Identification of a subdomain in the Moloney murine leukemia virus envelope protein involved in receptor binding.

Sequences regulating poly(A) site selection within the adenovirus major late transcription unit influence the interaction of constitutive processing factors with the pre-mRNA.

Cyclic AMP-responsive element-dependent activation of Epstein-Barr virus zebra promoter by human herpesvirus 6.

Transfer of single gene-containing long terminal repeats into the genome of mammalian cells by a retroviral vector carrying the cre gene and the loxP site.

Competitive selection in vivo by a cell for one variant over another: implications for RNA virus quasispecies in vivo.

A novel murine retrovirus identified during testing for helper virus in human gene transfer trials.

Phenotypic properties of herpes simplex virus 1 containing a derepressed open reading frame P gene.

Characterization of mutants of influenza A virus selected with the neuraminidase inhibitor 4-guanidino-Neu5Ac2en.

Alphavirus-induced apoptosis in mouse brains correlates with neurovirulence.

Analysis of 15 adenovirus hexon proteins reveals the location and structure of seven hypervariable regions containing serotype-specific residues.

Recruitment of wild-type and recombinant adeno-associated virus into adenovirus replication centers.

A novel mechanism for persistence of human cytomegalovirus in macrophages.

Antibody cross-competition analysis of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 exterior envelope glycoprotein.

Squamous epithelial hyperplasia and carcinoma in mice transgenic for the human papillomavirus type 16 E7 oncogene.

Murine leukemia virus envelope protein in transgenic-mouse serum blocks infection in vitro.

RNA-protein interactions at the 3' end of the hepatitis A virus RNA.

The herpes simplex virus type 1 VP5 promoter contains a cis-acting element near the cap site which interacts with a cellular protein.

The amino-terminal one-third of the influenza virus PA protein is responsible for the induction of proteolysis.

The primary target cells of the high-risk cottontail rabbit papillomavirus colocalize with hair follicle stem cells.

Characterization in vitro of an autocatalytic processing activity associated with the predicted 3C-like proteinase domain of the coronavirus avian infectious bronchitis virus.

Regulation of herpes simplex virus poly (A) site usage and the action of immediate-early protein IE63 in the early-late switch.

Capsid coding sequence is required for efficient replication of human rhinovirus 14 RNA.

Protection against lethal simian immunodeficiency virus SIVsmmPBj14 disease by a recombinant Semliki Forest virus gp160 vaccine and by a gp120 subunit vaccine.

Herpes simplex ICP27 mutant viruses exhibit reduced expression of specific DNA replication genes.

Deduced consensus sequence of Sindbis virus strain AR339: mutations contained in laboratory strains which affect cell culture and in vivo phenotypes.

The CREB, ATF-1, and ATF-2 transcription factors from bovine leukemia virus-infected B lymphocytes activate viral expression.

Loss and acquisition of duck hepatitis B virus integrations in lineages of LMH-D2 chicken hepatoma cells.

Purification and characterization of herpes simplex virus type 1 alkaline exonuclease expressed in Escherichia coli.

A 371-nucleotide region between the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) LAT promoter and the 2-kilobase LAT is not essential for efficient spontaneous reactivation of latent HSV-1.

The recombination rate is not increased when retroviral RNA is missing an encapsidation sequence.

Predominant involvement of CD8+CD28- lymphocytes in human immunodeficiency virus-specific cytotoxic activity.

Mutational analysis of the mengovirus poly(C) tract and surrounding heteropolymeric sequences.

Glycoprotein Bb, the N-terminal subunit of bovine herpesvirus 1 gB, can bind to heparan sulfate on the surfaces of Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells.

In vivo sequence diversity of the protease of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: presence of protease inhibitor-resistant variants in untreated subjects.

Defined large-scale alterations of the human cytomegalovirus genome constructed by cotransfection of overlapping cosmids.

Glycoprotein 110, the Epstein-Barr virus homolog of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein B, is essential for Epstein-Barr virus replication in vivo.

Growth of influenza A virus in primary, differentiated epithelial cells derived from adenoids.

Improvement of retroviral retargeting by using amino acid spacers between an additional binding domain and the N terminus of Moloney murine leukemia virus SU.

Mutations in the zinc-binding motif of the reovirus capsid protein delta 3 eliminate its ability to associate with capsid protein mu 1.

Differential processing of sindbis virus glycoprotein PE2 in cultured vertebrate and arthropod cells.

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Replication and pathogenicity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 accessory gene mutants in SCID-hu mice.

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Aldrovandi, G. M. Zack, J. A.
Abstract	The functional roles of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) accessory genes (nef, vpr, vpu, and vif) are as yet unclear. Using the SCID-hu model system, we have examined the infectivity, replicative capacity, and pathogenicity of strains of the molecular clone HIV-1NL4-3 that contain deletion mutations in these individual accessory genes. We determined that deletion of these genes had differential effects on both infectivity and pathogenicity. Deletion of vpr had little or no effect on viral infectivity, replication, and pathogenicity; however, deletion of vpu or vif had a significant effect on infectivity and moderate effects on pathogenicity. nef-minus strains were the most attenuated in this system, demonstrating significantly lower levels of infectivity and pathogenicity. However, deletion of these individual genes attenuated but did not abrogate the pathogenic properties of HIV-1. Mutant viruses still retained the ability to induce thymocyte depletion to various degrees if implants were infected with higher doses of virus or observed for longer periods of time. The relative contributions of these genes to in vivo pathogenic potential should be taken into consideration when one is contemplating a live attenuated vaccine for HIV-1.
Starting Page	1505
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10985514
e-ISSN	10985514
Journal	Journal of Virology
Issue Number	3
Volume Number	70
Language	English
Publisher Date	1996-03-01
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Virology Immunology Microbiology Insect Science

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