NDLI: 3C-like protease of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus: identification of cleavage sites in the ORF1 polyprotein and analysis of cleavage specificity.

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Cross-clade neutralization of primary isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by human monoclonal antibodies and tetrameric CD4-IgG.

A nonproducer, interfering human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 provirus can be transduced through a murine leukemia virus-based retroviral vector: recovery of an anti-HIV mouse/human pseudotype retrovirus.

Constitutive episomal expression of polypeptide IX (pIX) in a 293-based cell line complements the deficiency of pIX mutant adenovirus type 5.

Interactions of the transcription factor AP-1 with the long terminal repeat of different human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strains in Jurkat, glial, and neuronal cells.

Studies of the membrane fusion activities of fusion peptide mutants of influenza virus hemagglutinin.

Functions of the internal pre-S domain of the large surface protein in hepatitis B virus particle morphogenesis.

Role of T-lymphocyte subsets in recovery from respiratory syncytial virus infection in calves.

Hierarchy among multiple H-2b-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes within simian virus 40 T antigen.

Mucosal model of immunization against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 with a chimeric influenza virus.

Genetic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase and the U3 att site: unusual phenotype of mutants in the zinc finger-like domain.

Cytomegalovirus infection induces high levels of cyclins, phosphorylated Rb, and p53, leading to cell cycle arrest.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral protein R (Vpr) arrests cells in the G2 phase of the cell cycle by inhibiting p34cdc2 activity.

Quantitative measurement of paramyxovirus fusion: differences in requirements of glycoproteins between simian virus 5 and human parainfluenza virus 3 or Newcastle disease virus.

The role of CD8+ T lymphocytes in coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis.

Double-stranded RNA bacteriophage phi 6 protein P4 is an unspecific nucleoside triphosphatase activated by calcium ions.

A single retroviral gag precursor signal peptide recognized by FBL-3 tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

Ribosomal frameshifting during translation of measles virus P protein mRNA is capable of directing synthesis of a unique protein.

Characterization of a 100-kilodalton binding protein for the six serotypes of coxsackie B viruses.

Functional characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nef genes in patients with divergent rates of disease progression.

Neuronal expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 env proteins in transgenic mice: distribution in the central nervous system and pathological alterations.

Role of the virion host shutoff (vhs) of herpes simplex virus type 1 in latency and pathogenesis.

Negative regulation of the adeno-associated virus (AAV) P5 promoter involves both the P5 rep binding site and the consensus ATP-binding motif of the AAV Rep68 protein.

Fast and high-affinity binding of B-lymphotropic papovavirus to human B-lymphoma cell lines.

Extreme fitness differences in mammalian and insect hosts after continuous replication of vesicular stomatitis virus in sandfly cells.

p6Gag is required for particle production from full-length human immunodeficiency virus type 1 molecular clones expressing protease.

Cell proteins bind to a linear polypyrimidine-rich sequence within the 5'-untranslated region of rhinovirus 14 RNA.

A new cis-acting element for RNA replication within the 5' noncoding region of poliovirus type 1 RNA.

Insertions within the hepatitis B virus capsid protein influence capsid formation and RNA encapsidation.

E- vectors: development of novel self-inactivating and self-activating retroviral vectors for safer gene therapy.

Immunogenic determinants of a neuropathogenic murine leukemia virus.

Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 bind to human T-cell leukemia virus type 2 RNA regulatory elements.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr arrests the cell cycle in G2 by inhibiting the activation of p34cdc2-cyclin B.

Differential regulation of human papillomavirus type 6 and 11 early promoters in cultured cells derived from laryngeal papillomas.

A leucine triplet repeat sequence (LXX)4 in p6gag is important for Vpr incorporation into human immunodeficiency virus type 1 particles.

High-level expression of adeno-associated virus (AAV) Rep78 or Rep68 protein is sufficient for infectious-particle formation by a rep-negative AAV mutant.

Transfer of the minus strand of DNA during hepadnavirus replication is not invariable but prefers a specific location.

Characterization of double-stranded RNA satellites associated with the Trichomonas vaginalis virus.

Functional epitope analysis of the human CD4 molecule: antibodies that inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gene expression bind to the immunoglobulin CDR3-like region of CD4.

The cytoplasmic tail of CD4 is required for inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication by antibodies that bind to the immunoglobulin CDR3-like region in domain 1 of CD4.

Intrahost human immunodeficiency virus type 1 evolution is related to length of the immunocompetent period.

Recombinant junctions formed by site-specific integration of adeno-associated virus into an episome.

Contact of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected and uninfected CD4+ T lymphocytes is highly cytolytic for both cells.

A 48-amino-acid region of influenza A virus PB1 protein is sufficient for complex formation with PA.

Evidence that a cell cycle regulator, E2F1, down-regulates transcriptional activity of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 promoter.

The inhibition of cultured myoblast differentiation by the simian virus 40 large T antigen occurs after myogenin expression and Rb up-regulation and is not exerted by transformation-competent cytoplasmic mutants.

Chromosome mapping of Rmp-4, a gonad-dependent gene encoding host resistance to mousepox.

Mutations that specifically impair the DNA binding activity of the herpes simplex virus protein UL42.

Differences in the capacity of reovirus strains to induce apoptosis are determined by the viral attachment protein sigma 1.

Isolation and characterization of a new simian T-cell leukemia virus type 1 from naturally infected celebes macaques (Macaca tonkeana): complete nucleotide sequence and phylogenetic relationship with the Australo-Melanesian human T-cell leukemia virus type 1.

Retrovirus infection: effect of time and target cell number.

Inhibitory effect of nitric oxide on the replication of a murine retrovirus in vitro and in vivo.

Effects of anti-E2 monoclonal antibody on sindbis virus replication in AT3 cells expressing bcl-2.

Postoligomerization folding of human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B: identification of folding intermediates and importance of disulfide bonding.

Translation of the human papillomavirus type 16 E7 oncoprotein from bicistronic mRNA is independent of splicing events within the E6 open reading frame.

Mutagenic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr: role of a predicted N-terminal alpha-helical structure in Vpr nuclear localization and virion incorporation.

Differences in the role of the cytoplasmic domain of human parainfluenza virus fusion proteins.

A transcript from the long terminal repeats of a murine retrovirus associated with trans activation of cellular genes.

Persistent infection of macaques with simian-human immunodeficiency viruses.

Characterization of ts 16, a temperature-sensitive mutant of vaccinia virus.

Glycoproteins E and I facilitate neuron-to-neuron spread of herpes simplex virus.

Syncytium induction in primary CD4+ T-cell lines from normal donors by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates with non-syncytium-inducing genotype and phenotype in MT-2 cells.

Interaction between duck hepatitis B virus and a 170-kilodalton cellular protein is mediated through a neutralizing epitope of the pre-S region and occurs during viral infection.

Release of the catalytic domain N(o) from the herpes simplex virus type 1 protease is required for viral growth.

Processing of the envelope glycoprotein gp160 in immunotoxin-resistant cell lines chronically infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

Evi-5, a common site of retroviral integration in AKXD T-cell lymphomas, maps near Gfi-1 on mouse chromosome 5.

Frequent disruption of the Nf1 gene by a novel murine AIDS virus-related provirus in BXH-2 murine myeloid lymphomas.

Emergence of virus escape mutants after immunization with epitope vaccine.

Protective efficacy of nonneutralizing monoclonal antibodies in acute infection with murine leukemia virus.

3C-like protease of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus: identification of cleavage sites in the ORF1 polyprotein and analysis of cleavage specificity.

Poliovirus protein 3AB forms a complex with and stimulates the activity of the viral RNA polymerase, 3Dpol.

An active-site mutation in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proteinase (PR) causes reduced PR activity and loss of PR-mediated cytotoxicity without apparent effect on virus maturation and infectivity.

Herpes simplex virus trans-regulatory protein ICP27 stabilizes and binds to 3' ends of labile mRNA.

Biological activity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vif requires membrane targeting by C-terminal basic domains.

The amphotropic and ecotropic murine leukemia virus envelope TM subunits are equivalent mediators of direct membrane fusion: implications for the role of the ecotropic envelope and receptor in syncytium formation and viral entry.

Selective infection of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-infected cells by chimeric human immunodeficiency viruses containing HTLV-1 tax response elements in the long terminal repeat.

Hepatitis delta virus mutant: effect on RNA editing.

Evidence that flavivirus NS1-NS2A cleavage is mediated by a membrane-bound host protease in the endoplasmic reticulum.

Avian homologs of the mammalian low-density lipoprotein receptor family bind minor receptor group human rhinovirus.

Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 in coastal natives of British Columbia: phylogenetic affinities and possible origins.

Differential downregulation of CD46 by measles virus strains.

The S2 subunit of the murine coronavirus spike protein is not involved in receptor binding.

Active foamy virus proteinase is essential for virus infectivity but not for formation of a Pol polyprotein.

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Peptide vaccine against canine parvovirus: identification of two neutralization subsites in the N terminus of VP2 and optimization of the amino acid sequence.

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Activation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in monocytoid cells by the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani.

Gamma interferon is critical for resistance to Theiler's virus-induced demyelination.

Initiator elements and regulated expression of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene.

Cell cycle dependence of foamy retrovirus infection.

Inhibition of murine retrovirus-induced neurodegeneration in the spinal cord by explant culture.

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Enhanced splicing of nonconsensus 3' splice sites late during adenovirus infection.

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Regulatory genes of simian immunodeficiency viruses from west African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus).

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Herpes simplex virus capsids assembled in insect cells infected with recombinant baculoviruses: structural authenticity and localization of VP26.

The varicella-zoster virus (VZV) open reading frame 47 (ORF47) protein kinase is dispensable for viral replication and is not required for phosphorylation of ORF63 protein, the VZV homolog of herpes simplex virus ICP22.

Isolation of a highly cytopathic lentivirus from a nondomestic cat.

The bovine herpesvirus 1 maturational proteinase and scaffold proteins can substitute for the homologous herpes simplex virus type 1 proteins in the formation of hybrid type B capsids.

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3C-like protease of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus: identification of cleavage sites in the ORF1 polyprotein and analysis of cleavage specificity.

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Wirblich, C. Sibilia, M. Boniotti, M. B. Rossi, C. Thiel, H. J. Meyers, G.
Abstract	Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus, a positive-stranded RNA virus of the family Caliciviridae, encodes a trypsin-like cysteine protease as part of a large polyprotein. Upon expression in Escherichia coli, the protease releases itself from larger precursors by proteolytic cleavages at its N and C termini. Both cleavage sites were determined by N-terminal sequence analysis of the cleavage products. Cleavage at the N terminus of the protease occurred with high efficiency at an EG dipeptide at positions 1108 and 1109. Cleavage at the C terminus of the protease occurred with low efficiency at an ET dipeptide at positions 1251 and 1252. To study the cleavage specificity of the protease, amino acid substitutions were introduced at the P2, P1, and P1' positions at the cleavage site at the N-terminal boundary of the protease. This analysis showed that the amino acid at the P1 position is the most important determinant for substrate recognition. Only glutamic acid, glutamine, and aspartic acid were tolerated at this position. At the P1' position, glycine, serine, and alanine were the preferred substrates of the protease, but a number of amino acids with larger side chains were also tolerated. Substitutions at the P2 position had only little effect on the cleavage efficiency. Cell-free expression of the C-terminal half of the ORF1 polyprotein showed that the protease catalyzes cleavage at the junction of the RNA polymerase and the capsid protein. An EG dipeptide at positions 1767 and 1768 was identified as the putative cleavage site. Our data show that rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus encodes a trypsin-like cysteine protease that is similar to 3C proteases with regard to function and specificity but is more similar to 2A proteases with regard to size.
Starting Page	7159
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10985514
e-ISSN	10985514
Journal	Journal of Virology
Issue Number	11
Volume Number	69
Language	English
Publisher Date	1995-11-01
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Virology Immunology Microbiology Insect Science

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