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| Content Provider | PubMed Central |
|---|---|
| Author | Folkerts, G. Engels, F. Nijkamp, F. P. |
| Abstract | 1. Pretreatment of guinea-pigs with endotoxin (1 mg kg-1 b.w., i.p., 4 days before the experiments) results in respiratory airway hyperreactivity in vitro. Dose-response curves with either arecoline or histamine on isolated tracheae from these animals display increased maximal contractions, and decreased EC50 values. 2. Tracheae denuded of epithelium respond with a similar hyperreactivity to histamine as observed in preparations from endotoxin pretreated animals. Removal of the epithelial layer of tracheae from endotoxin pretreated guinea-pigs did not additionally affect the histamine dose-response curve. 3. The cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor indomethacin (10 microM) induces histamine hyperreactivity which is equal in intact and epithelium-denuded tracheae from saline or endotoxin pretreated guinea-pigs. Similar results are obtained with the combined lipoxygenase/cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor nordihydroguaiaretic acid (10 microM). 4. Histamine (0.1 mM) induces an increase in prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) formation by the tracheal spiral in vitro, which is reduced by 34% by endotoxin pretreatment, and by about 60% following epithelium removal irrespective of endotoxin pretreatment. 5. Arachidonic acid (AA, 22 microM) stimulation of the guinea-pig trachea in vitro induces a relaxation, and an increase in PGE2 production. In preparations lacking the epithelium, AA induces a contraction which coincides with a 60% reduced increase in PGE2 formation. These effects are not altered by endotoxin pretreatment. 6. It is concluded that the endotoxin-induced respiratory airway hyperreactivity may be caused by a disturbed ability of epithelial cells to synthesize PGE2. The decreased formation of this prostaglandin is rather the consequence of a diminished liberation of AA from the phospholipid stores than a dysfunction of the cyclo-oxygenase enzyme. |
| Starting Page | 388 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 00071188 |
| Journal | British Journal of Pharmacology |
| Issue Number | 2 |
| Volume Number | 96 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher Date | 1989-02-01 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Research in Higher Education |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Pharmacology |
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