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| Content Provider | PubMed Central |
|---|---|
| Author | Lee, Seakwoo Park, Hyun I. Sang, Qing-xiang Amy |
| Copyright Year | 2007 |
| Abstract | Human MMP-26 (matrix metalloproteinase-26) (also known as endometase or matrilysin-2) is a putative biomarker for human carcinomas of breast, prostate and other cancers of epithelial origin. Calcium modulates protein structure and function and may act as a molecular signal or switch in cells. The relationship between MMPs and calcium has barely been studied and is absent for MMP-26. We have investigated the calcium-binding sites and the role of calcium in MMP-26. MMP-26 has one high-affinity and one low-affinity calcium binding site. High-affinity calcium binding was restored at physiologically low calcium conditions with a calcium-dissociation constant of 63 nM without inducing secondary and tertiary structural changes. High-affinity calcium binding protects MMP-26 against thermal denaturation. Mutants of this site (D165A or E191A) lose enzymatic activity. Low-affinity calcium binding was restored at relatively high calcium concentrations and showed a K d2 (low-affinity calcium-dissociation constant) value of 120 μM, which was accompanied with the recovery of enzymatic activity reversibly and tertiary structural changes, but without secondary structural rearrangements. Mutations at the low-affinity calcium-binding site (C3 site), K189E or D114A, induced enhanced affinity for the Ca2+ ion or an irreversible loss of enzymatic activity triggered by low-affinity calcium binding respectively. Mutation at non-calcium-binding site (V184D at C2 site) showed that C2 is not a true calcium-binding site. Observations from homology-modelled mutant structures correlated with these experimental results. A human breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231, transfected with wild-type MMP-26 cDNA showed a calcium-dependent invasive potential when compared with controls that were transfected with an inactive form of MMP-26 (E209A). Calcium-independent high invasiveness was observed in the K189E mutant MDA-MB-231 cell line. |
| Related Links | http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20061390 |
| Ending Page | 42 |
| Page Count | 12 |
| Starting Page | 31 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 02646021 |
| e-ISSN | 14708728 |
| Journal | Biochemical Journal |
| Issue Number | Pt 1 |
| Volume Number | 403 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Portland Press Ltd. |
| Publisher Date | 2007-04-01 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Rights Holder | Portland Press Ltd. |
| Subject Keyword | Cell Biology Biochemistry Molecular Biology Research in Higher Education |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Cell Biology Molecular Biology Biochemistry |
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