NDLI: Insights on the role of nucleic acid/protein interactions in chaperoned nucleic acid rearrangements of HIV-1 reverse transcription

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Liu, Hsiao-wei Zeng, Yining Landes, Christy F. Kim, Yoen Joo Zhu, Yongjin Ma, Xiaojing Vo, My-nuong Karin, Musier-forsyth Barbara, Paul F.
Copyright Year	2007
Abstract	HIV-1 reverse transcription requires several nucleic acid rearrangement steps that are “chaperoned” by the nucleocapsid protein (NC), including minus-strand transfer, in which the DNA transactivation response element (TAR) is annealed to the complementary TAR RNA region of the viral genome. These various rearrangement processes occur in NC bound complexes of specific RNA and DNA structures. A major barrier to the investigation of these processes in vitro has been the diversity and heterogeneity of the observed nucleic acid/protein assemblies, ranging from small complexes of only one or two nucleic acid molecules all the way up to large-scale aggregates comprised of thousands of NC and nucleic acid molecules. Herein, we use a flow chamber approach involving rapid NC/nucleic acid mixing to substantially control aggregation for the NC chaperoned irreversible annealing kinetics of a model TAR DNA hairpin sequence to the complementary TAR RNA hairpin, i.e., to form an extended duplex. By combining the flow chamber approach with a broad array of fluorescence single-molecule spectroscopy (SMS) tools (FRET, molecule counting, and correlation spectroscopy), we have unraveled the complex, heterogeneous kinetics that occur during the course of annealing. The SMS results demonstrate that the TAR hairpin reactant is predominantly a single hairpin coated by multiple NCs with a dynamic secondary structure, involving equilibrium between a “Y” shaped conformation and a closed one. The data further indicate that the nucleation of annealing occurs in an encounter complex that is formed by two hairpins with one or both of the hairpins in the “Y” conformation.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0700166104
Ending Page	5267
Page Count	7
Starting Page	5261
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	13
Volume Number	104
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2007-03-27
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	National Academy of Sciences
Subject Keyword	General Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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