NDLI: Quantification of Genital Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) DNA in Specimens from Women with Low Plasma HIV-1 RNA Levels Typical of HIV-1 Nontransmitters▿

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Sarah, Benki Mcclelland, R. Scott Emery, Sandra Baeten, Jared M. Richardson, Barbra A. Ludo, Lavreys Mandaliya, Kishorchandra Overbaugh, Julie
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	Studies of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission suggest that genital HIV-1 RNA and DNA may both be determinants of HIV-1 infectivity. Despite its potential role in HIV-1 transmission, there are limited quantitative data on genital HIV-1 DNA. Here we validated an in-house real-time PCR method for quantification of HIV-1 DNA in genital specimens. In reactions with 100 genomes to 1 genome isolated from a cell line containing one HIV-1 provirus/cell, this real-time PCR assay is linear and agrees closely with a commercially available real-time PCR assay specific for a cellular housekeeping gene. In mock genital samples spiked with low numbers of HIV-1-infected cells such that the expected HIV-1 DNA copy number/reaction was 100, 10, or 5, the average copy number/reaction was 80.2 (standard deviation [SD], 28.3), 9.1 (SD, 5.4), or 3.1 (SD, 2.1), respectively. We used this method to examine genital HIV-1 DNA levels in specimens from women whose low plasma HIV-1 RNA levels are typical of HIV-1 nontransmitters. The median HIV-1 DNA copy number in endocervical secretions from these women (1.8 HIV-1 DNA copies/10,000 cells) was lower than that for women with higher plasma HIV-1 RNA levels (16.6 HIV-1 DNA copies/10,000 cells) (P = 0.04), as was the median HIV-1 DNA copy number in vaginal secretions (undetectable versus 1.0 HIV-1 DNA copies/10,000 cells). These data suggest that women with low plasma HIV-1 RNA and thus a predicted low risk of HIV-1 transmission have low levels of genital HIV-1 cell-associated virus. The assay described here can be utilized in future efforts to examine the role of cell-associated HIV-1 in transmission.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01481-06
Ending Page	4362
Page Count	6
Starting Page	4357
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00951137
e-ISSN	1098660X
Journal	Journal of Clinical Microbiology
Issue Number	12
Volume Number	44
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Microbiology
Publisher Date	2006-12-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Microbiology
Subject Keyword	Microbiology (medical) Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Microbiology (medical)

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