NDLI: Chloroplasts as a Nitric Oxide Cellular Source. Effect of Reactive Nitrogen Species on Chloroplastic Lipids and Proteins1

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Sebastián, Jasid Simontacchi, Marcela Bartoli, Carlos G. Susana, Puntarulo
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	Nitric oxide (NO) generation by soybean (Glycine max var. ADM 4800) chloroplasts was studied as an endogenous product assessed by the electron paramagnetic resonance spin-trapping technique. Nitrite and l-arginine (Arg) are substrates for enzymatic activities considered to be the possible sources of NO in plants. Soybean chloroplasts showed a NO production of 3.2 ± 0.2 nmol min−1 mg−1 protein in the presence of 1 mm NaNO2. Inhibition of photosynthetic electron flow by 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl urea resulted in a lower rate (1.21 ± 0.04 nmol min−1 mg−1 protein) of NO generation. Chloroplasts incubated with 1 mm Arg showed NO production of 0.76 ± 0.04 nmol min−1 mg−1 protein that was not affected either by omission of Ca2+ or by supplementation with Ca2+ and calmodulin to the incubation medium. This production was inhibited when chloroplasts were incubated in the presence of NO synthase inhibitors N ω -nitro-l-Arg methyl ester hydrochloride and N ω -nitro-l-Arg. In vitro exposure of chloroplasts to an NO donor (250 μ m S-nitrosoglutathione) decreased lipid radical content in membranes by 29%; however, incubation in the presence of 25 μ m peroxynitrite (ONOO−) led to an increase in lipid-derived radicals (34%). The effect of ONOO− on protein oxidation was determined by western blotting, showing an increase in carbonyl content either in stroma or thylakoid proteins as compared to controls. Moreover, ONOO− treatment significantly affected both O2 evolution and chlorophyll fluorescence in thylakoids. Data reported here suggest that NO is an endogenous metabolite in soybean chloroplasts and that reactive nitrogen species could exert either antioxidant or prooxidant effects on chloroplast macromolecules.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.106.086918
Ending Page	1255
Page Count	10
Starting Page	1246
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00320889
e-ISSN	15322548
Journal	Plant Physiology
Issue Number	3
Volume Number	142
Language	English
Publisher	American Society of Plant Biologists
Publisher Date	2006-09-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society of Plant Biologists
Subject Keyword	Plant Science Genetics Physiology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Physiology Plant Science

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