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| Content Provider | PubMed Central |
|---|---|
| Author | Acker, Helmut |
| Copyright Year | 2005 |
| Abstract | Structural and functional integrity of organ function profoundly depends on a regular oxygen and glucose supply. Any disturbance of this supply becomes life threatening and may result in severe loss of organ function. Particular reductions in oxygen availability (hypoxia) caused by respiratory or blood circulation irregularities cannot be tolerated for longer periods due to an insufficient energy supply by anaerobic glycolysis. Complex cellular oxygen sensing systems have evolved to tightly regulate oxygen homeostasis. In response to variations in oxygen partial pressure (PO2), these systems induce adaptive and protective mechanisms to avoid or at least minimize tissue damage. These various responses might be based on a range of oxygen sensing signal cascades including an isoform of the neutrophil NADPH oxidase, different electron carrier units of the mitochondrial chain such as a specialized mitochondrial, low PO2 affinity cytochrome c oxidase (aa3) and a subfamily of 2-oxoglutarate dependent dioxygenases termed HIF (hypoxia inducible factor) prolyl-hydroxylase and HIF asparaginyl hydroxylase called factor-inhibiting HIF (FIH-1). Thus, specific oxygen sensing cascades involving reactive oxygen species as second messengers may by means of their different oxygen sensitivities, cell-specific and subcellular localization help to tailor various adaptive responses according to differences in tissue oxygen availability. |
| Related Links | http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2005.1760 |
| Ending Page | 2210 |
| Page Count | 10 |
| Starting Page | 2201 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 09628436 |
| e-ISSN | 14712970 |
| Journal | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
| Issue Number | 1464 |
| Volume Number | 360 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | The Royal Society |
| Publisher Date | 2005-12-29 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Rights Holder | The Royal Society |
| Subject Keyword | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all) Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all) Research in Higher Education |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Agricultural and Biological Sciences |
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