NDLI: Inhibition of Cell Growth and Shoot Development by a Specific Nucleotide Sequence in a Noncoding Viroid RNA

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Qi, Yijun Ding, Biao
Copyright Year	2003
Abstract	Viroids are small noncoding and infectious RNAs that replicate autonomously and move systemically throughout an infected plant. The RNAs of the family Pospiviroidae contain a central conserved region (CCR) that has long been thought to be involved in replication. Here, we report that the CCR of Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) also plays a role in pathogenicity. A U257A change in the CCR converted the intermediate strain PSTVdInt to a lethal strain that caused severe growth stunting and premature death of infected plants. PSTVd with nucleotide U257 changed to C or G did not cause such symptoms. The pathogenic effect of the U257A substitution was abolished by a C259U substitution in the same RNA. Analyses of the pathogenic effects of the U257A substitution in three other PSTVd variants established A257 as a new pathogenicity determinant that functions independently and synergistically with the classic pathogenicity domain. The U257A substitution did not alter PSTVd secondary structure, replication levels, or tissue tropism. The stunted growth of PSTVdIntU257A-infected tomato plants resulted from restricted cell expansion but not cell division or differentiation. This was correlated positively with the downregulated expression of an expansin gene, LeExp2. Our results demonstrate that specific nucleotides in a noncoding, pathogenic RNA have a profound effect in altering distinct cellular responses, which then lead to well-defined alterations in plant growth and developmental patterns. The feasibility of correlating viroid RNA sequence/structure with the altered expression of specific host genes, cellular processes, and developmental patterns makes viroid infection a valuable system in which to investigate host factors for symptom expression and perhaps also to characterize the mechanisms of RNA regulation of gene expression in plants.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.011585
Ending Page	1374
Page Count	15
Starting Page	1360
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10404651
e-ISSN	1532298X
Journal	The Plant Cell
Issue Number	6
Volume Number	15
Language	English
Publisher	American Society of Plant Biologists
Publisher Date	2003-06-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society of Plant Biologists
Subject Keyword	Plant Science Cell Biology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Plant Science

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