NDLI: Additional Conjugation Methods and Immunogenicity of Bacillus anthracis Poly-γ-d-Glutamic Acid-Protein Conjugates

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Joanna, Kubler-kielb Liu, Teh-yung Christopher, Mocca Fathy, Majadly Robbins, John B. Schneerson, Rachel
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	The capsule of Bacillus anthracis, composed of poly-γ-d-glutamic acid (γDPGA), is an essential virulence factor of B. anthracis. The capsule inhibits innate host defense through its antiphagocytic action. γDPGA is a poor immunogen, but when covalently bound to a carrier protein, it elicits serum antibodies. To identify the optimal construct for clinical use, synthetic γDPGAs of different lengths were bound to carrier proteins at different densities. The advantages of the synthetic over the natural polypeptide are the homogeneous chain length and end groups, allowing conjugates to be accurately characterized and standardized and their chemical compositions to be related to their immunogenicities. In the present study, we evaluated, in addition to methods reported by us, hydrazone, oxime, and thioether linkages between γDPGA and several proteins, including bovine serum albumin, recombinant Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A, recombinant B. anthracis protective antigen (rPA), and tetanus toxoid (TT). The effects of the dosage and formulation on the immunogenicities of the conjugates were evaluated in mice. All conjugates were immunogenic. The optimal γDPGA chain length of 10 to 15 amino acids and the density, an average of 15 mol γDPGA per mol of protein, were confirmed. The thioether bond was the optimal linkage type, and TT and rPA were the best carriers. The optimal dosage was 1.2 to 2.5 μg of γDPGA per mouse, and adsorption of the conjugates onto aluminum hydroxide significantly increased the antibody response to the protein with a lesser effect on anti-γDPGA levels.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00315-06
Ending Page	4749
Page Count	6
Starting Page	4744
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00199567
e-ISSN	10985522
Journal	Infection and Immunity
Issue Number	8
Volume Number	74
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Microbiology
Publisher Date	2006-08-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Microbiology
Subject Keyword	Immunology Microbiology Parasitology Infectious Diseases Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Infectious Diseases Parasitology Immunology Microbiology

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