NDLI: Bacterial regulatory networks are extremely flexible in evolution

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Irma, Lozada-chávez Janga, Sarath Chandra Julio, Collado-vides
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	Over millions of years the structure and complexity of the transcriptional regulatory network (TRN) in bacteria has changed, reorganized and enabled them to adapt to almost every environmental niche on earth. In order to understand the plasticity of TRNs in bacteria, we studied the conservation of currently known TRNs of the two model organisms Escherichia coli K12 and Bacillus subtilis across complete genomes including Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya at three different levels: individual components of the TRN, pairs of interactions and regulons. We found that transcription factors (TFs) evolve much faster than the target genes (TGs) across phyla. We show that global regulators are poorly conserved across the phylogenetic spectrum and hence TFs could be the major players responsible for the plasticity and evolvability of the TRNs. We also found that there is only a small fraction of significantly conserved transcriptional regulatory interactions among different phyla of bacteria and that there is no constraint on the elements of the interaction to co-evolve. Finally our results suggest that majority of the regulons in bacteria are rapidly lost implying a high-order flexibility in the TRNs. We hypothesize that during the divergence of bacteria certain essential cellular processes like the synthesis of arginine, biotine and ribose, transport of amino acids and iron, availability of phosphate, replication process and the SOS response are well conserved in evolution. From our comparative analysis, it is possible to infer that transcriptional regulation is more flexible than the genetic component of the organisms and its complexity and structure plays an important role in the phenotypic adaptation.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkl423
Ending Page	3445
Page Count	12
Starting Page	3434
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03051048
e-ISSN	13624962
Journal	Nucleic Acids Research
Issue Number	12
Volume Number	34
Language	English
Publisher	Oxford University Press
Publisher Date	2006-07-19
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Oxford University Press
Subject Keyword	Genetics Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics

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