NDLI: In Vitro Activities of Cethromycin (ABT-773), a New Ketolide, against Streptococcus pneumoniae Strains That Are Not Susceptible to Penicillin or Macrolides

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Mason, Edward O. Lamberth, Linda B. Wald, Ellen R. Bradley, John S. Barson, William J. Kaplan, Sheldon L.
Copyright Year	2003
Abstract	Pneumococcal resistance to antimicrobials presents problems to physicians for empirical treatment of acute otitis media (AOM). Three hundred thirty-three isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae selected for nonsusceptibility to penicillin (MIC >0.1 μg/ml) from the middle ear (n = 325) or mastoid (n = 8) of children seen between 1994 and 2000 at four children's hospitals in the United States were tested by broth microdilution for susceptibility to nine antibiotics. Using NCCLS 2002 breakpoints, resistance to the following drugs was as indicated: amoxicillin, 1%; azithromycin, 71%; cefprozil, 71%; ceftriaxone, 2%; cefdinir, 98%; erythromycin, 70%; levofloxacin, 0%; and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 93%. Of the penicillin- and erythromycin-nonsusceptible isolates, 97% were inhibited by cethromycin (ABT-773) and 83% were inhibited by telithromycin at a concentration of ≤0.125 μg/ml. Macrolide resistance among penicillin-nonsusceptible pneumococci increased from 44 to 80% in the 6 years of the study from which the isolates were selected; however, the proportion of isolates with M or MLSB phenotypes remained constant over the time period (53 and 18%, respectively). Prior treatment with a macrolide or clindamycin alone or in combination with a β-lactam resulted in 94 or 85% of isolates causing infections being macrolide and or clindamycin resistant. No prior individual macrolide (azithromycin, erythromycin, or clarithromycin) resulted in more macrolide resistance or in a more prevalent resistance phenotype. The ketolides appear to be active antimicrobials against penicillin- and macrolide-resistant pneumococci.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.1.166-169.2003
Ending Page	169
Page Count	4
Starting Page	166
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00664804
e-ISSN	10986596
Journal	Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	47
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Microbiology
Publisher Date	2003-01-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Microbiology
Subject Keyword	Pharmacology (medical) Pharmacology Infectious Diseases Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Infectious Diseases Pharmacology Pharmacology (medical)

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