NDLI: The Malarial Host-Targeting Signal Is Conserved in the Irish Potato Famine Pathogen

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The Malarial Host-Targeting Signal Is Conserved in the Irish Potato Famine Pathogen

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Bhattacharjee, Souvik Hiller, N. Luisa Konstantinos, Liolios Win, Joe Kanneganti, Thirumala-devi Young, Carolyn Kamoun, Sophien Haldar, Kasturi
Editor	Dangl, Jeffrey
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	Animal and plant eukaryotic pathogens, such as the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum and the potato late blight agent Phytophthora infestans, are widely divergent eukaryotic microbes. Yet they both produce secretory virulence and pathogenic proteins that alter host cell functions. In P. falciparum, export of parasite proteins to the host erythrocyte is mediated by leader sequences shown to contain a host-targeting (HT) motif centered on an RxLx (E, D, or Q) core: this motif appears to signify a major pathogenic export pathway with hundreds of putative effectors. Here we show that a secretory protein of P. infestans, which is perceived by plant disease resistance proteins and induces hypersensitive plant cell death, contains a leader sequence that is equivalent to the Plasmodium HT-leader in its ability to export fusion of green fluorescent protein (GFP) from the P. falciparum parasite to the host erythrocyte. This export is dependent on an RxLR sequence conserved in P. infestans leaders, as well as in leaders of all ten secretory oomycete proteins shown to function inside plant cells. The RxLR motif is also detected in hundreds of secretory proteins of P. infestans, Phytophthora sojae, and Phytophthora ramorum and has high value in predicting host-targeted leaders. A consensus motif further reveals E/D residues enriched within ~25 amino acids downstream of the RxLR, which are also needed for export. Together the data suggest that in these plant pathogenic oomycetes, a consensus HT motif may reside in an extended sequence of ~25–30 amino acids, rather than in a short linear sequence. Evidence is presented that although the consensus is much shorter in P. falciparum, information sufficient for vacuolar export is contained in a region of ~30 amino acids, which includes sequences flanking the HT core. Finally, positional conservation between Phytophthora RxLR and P. falciparum RxLx (E, D, Q) is consistent with the idea that the context of their presentation is constrained. These studies provide the first evidence to our knowledge that eukaryotic microbes share equivalent pathogenic HT signals and thus conserved mechanisms to access host cells across plant and animal kingdoms that may present unique targets for prophylaxis across divergent pathogens.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.0020050
Starting Page	50
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15537366
e-ISSN	15537374
Journal	PLoS Pathogens
Issue Number	5
Volume Number	2
Language	English
Publisher	Public Library of Science
Publisher Date	2006-01-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Public Library of Science
Subject Keyword	Immunology Genetics Molecular Biology Microbiology Parasitology Virology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Virology Molecular Biology Parasitology Immunology Microbiology

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The Malarial Host-Targeting Signal Is Conserved in the Irish Potato Famine Pathogen

Correction: The Irish Potato Famine Pathogen Phytophthora infestans Translocates the CRN8 Kinase into Host Plant Cells

The Irish Potato Famine Pathogen Phytophthora infestans Translocates the CRN8 Kinase into Host Plant Cells

Genome Analyses of an Aggressive and Invasive Lineage of the Irish Potato Famine Pathogen

An effector of the Irish potato famine pathogen antagonizes a host autophagy cargo receptor

Data from: An effector of the Irish potato famine pathogen antagonizes a host autophagy cargo receptor (Dataset)

Host–Pathogen Interaction in Invasive Salmonellosis

Dissecting the Genetic Architecture of Host–Pathogen Specificity

Tick–Host–Pathogen Interactions: Conflict and Cooperation

The Malarial Host-Targeting Signal Is Conserved in the Irish Potato Famine Pathogen

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The Malarial Host-Targeting Signal Is Conserved in the Irish Potato Famine Pathogen

Correction: The Irish Potato Famine Pathogen Phytophthora infestans Translocates the CRN8 Kinase into Host Plant Cells

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The Malarial Host-Targeting Signal Is Conserved in the Irish Potato Famine Pathogen