NDLI: Complete Thermodynamic Characterization of the Multiple Protonation Equilibria of the Aminoglycoside Antibiotic Paromomycin: A Calorimetric and Natural Abundance 15N NMR Study

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Barbieri, Christopher M. Pilch, Daniel S.
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	The binding of aminoglycoside antibiotics to a broad range of macromolecular targets is coupled to protonation of one or more of the amino groups that typify this class of drugs. Determining how and to what extent this linkage influences the energetics of the aminoglycoside-macromolecule binding reaction requires a detailed understanding of the thermodynamics associated with the protonation equilibria of the aminoglycoside amino groups. In recognition of this need, a calorimetric- and NMR-based approach for obtaining the requisite thermodynamic information is presented using paromomycin as the model aminoglycoside. Temperature- and pH-dependent 15N NMR studies provide pK a values for the five paromomycin amino groups, as well as the temperature dependence of these pK a values. These studies also indicate that the observed pK a values associated with the free base form of paromomycin are lower in magnitude than the corresponding values associated with the sulfate salt form of the drug. This difference in pK a is due to drug interactions with the sulfate counterions at the high drug concentrations (≥812 mM) used in the 15N NMR studies. Isothermal titration calorimetry studies conducted at drug concentrations ≤45 μM reveal that the extent of paromomycin protonation linked to the binding of the drug to its pharmacologically relevant target, the 16 S rRNA A-site, is consistent with the pK a values of the free base and not the sulfate salt form of the drug. Temperature- and pH-dependent isothermal titration calorimetry studies yield exothermic enthalpy changes (ΔH) for protonation of the five paromomycin amino groups, as well as positive heat capacity changes (ΔC p) for three of the five amino groups. Regarded as a whole, the results presented here represent an important first step toward establishing a thermodynamic database that can be used to predict how aminoglycoside-macromolecule binding energetics will be influenced by conditions such as temperature, pH, and ionic strength. Such a predictive capability is a critical component of any drug design strategy.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1529/biophysj.105.075028
Ending Page	1349
Page Count	12
Starting Page	1338
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00063495
e-ISSN	15420086
Journal	Biophysical Journal
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	90
Language	English
Publisher	Biophysical Society
Publisher Date	2006-02-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Biophysical Society
Subject Keyword	Biophysics Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biophysics

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