NDLI: The Role of Mannosylated Enzyme and the Mannose Receptor in Enzyme Replacement Therapy

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Du, Hong Levine, Mark Chandrashekar, Ganesa Witte, David P. Cole, Edward S. Grabowski, Gregory A.
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) is the critical enzyme for the hydrolysis of triglycerides (TGs) and cholesteryl esters (CEs) in lysosomes. LAL defects cause Wolman disease (WD) and CE storage disease (CESD). An LAL null (lal −/− ) mouse model closely mimics human WD/CESD, with hepatocellular, Kupffer cell and other macrophage, and adrenal cortical storage of CEs and TGs. The effect on the cellular targeting of high-mannose and complex oligosaccharide–type oligosaccharide chains was tested with human LAL expressed in Pichia pastoris (phLAL) and CHO cells (chLAL), respectively. Only chLAL was internalized by cultured fibroblasts, whereas both chLAL and phLAL were taken up by macrophage mannose receptor (MMR)–positive J774E cells. After intraperitoneal injection into lal −/− mice, phLAL and chLAL distributed to macrophages and macrophage-derived cells of various organs. chLAL was also detected in hepatocytes. Ten injections of either enzyme over 30 d into 2- and 2.5-mo-old lal −/− mice produced normalization of hepatic color, decreased liver weight (50%–58%), and diminished hepatic cholesterol and TG storage. Lipid accumulations in macrophages were diminished with either enzyme. Only chLAL cleared lipids in hepatocytes. Mice double homozygous for the LAL and MMR deficiences (lal −/− ;MMR −/− ) showed phLAL uptake into Kupffer cells and hepatocytes, reversal of macrophage histopathology and lipid storage in all tissues, and clearance of hepatocytes. These results implicate MMR-independent and mannose 6-phosphate receptor–independent pathways in phLAL uptake and delivery to lysosomes in vivo. In addition, these studies show specific cellular targeting and physiologic effects of differentially oligosaccharide-modified human LALs mediated by MMR and that lysosomal targeting of mannose-terminated glycoproteins occurs and storage can be eliminated effectively without MMR.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/498652
Ending Page	1074
Page Count	14
Starting Page	1061
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00029297
e-ISSN	15376605
Journal	American Journal of Human Genetics
Issue Number	6
Volume Number	77
Language	English
Publisher	The American Society of Human Genetics
Publisher Date	2005-12-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	The American Society of Human Genetics
Subject Keyword	Genetics(clinical) Genetics Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Genetics (clinical)

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