NDLI: Niemann-Pick Disease Type C: Spectrum of HE1 Mutations and Genotype/Phenotype Correlations in the NPC2 Group

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Millat, Gilles Karim, Chikh Naureckiene, Saule Sleat, David E. Fensom, Anthony H. Higaki, Katsumi Milan, Elleder Lobel, Peter Vanier, Marie T.
Copyright Year	2001
Abstract	In Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC), a genetic heterogeneity with two complementation groups—NPC1, comprising ⩾95% of the families, and NPC2—has been demonstrated. Mutations in the NPC1 gene have now been well characterized. HE1 was recently identified as the gene underlying the very rare NPC2. Here we report the first comprehensive study of eight unrelated families with NPC2, originating from France, Algeria, Italy, Germany, the Czech Republic, and Turkey. These cases represent essentially all patients with NPC2 who have been reported in the literature, as well as those known to us. All 16 mutant alleles were identified, but only five different mutations, all with a severe impact on the protein, were found; these five mutations were as follows: two nonsense mutations (E20X and E118X), a 1-bp deletion (27delG), a splice mutation (IVS2+5G→A), and a missense mutation (S67P) resulting in reduced amounts of abnormal HE1 protein. E20X, with an overall allele frequency of 56%, was established as the common mutant allele. Prenatal diagnosis was achieved by mutation analysis of an uncultured chorionic-villus sample. All mutations except 27delG were observed in a homozygous state, allowing genotype/phenotype correlations. In seven families (with E20X, E118X, S67P, and E20X/27delG mutations), patients suffered a severe and rapid disease course, with age at death being 6 mo–4 years. A remarkable feature was the pronounced lung involvement, leading, in six patients, to early death caused by respiratory failure. Two patients also developed a severe neurological disease with onset during infancy. Conversely, the splice mutation corresponded to a very different clinical presentation, with juvenile onset of neurological symptoms and prolonged survival. This mutation generated multiple transcripts, including a minute proportion of normally spliced RNA, which may explain the milder phenotype.
Starting Page	1013
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15376605
e-ISSN	15376605
Journal	American Journal of Human Genetics
Issue Number	5
Volume Number	69
Language	English
Publisher	The American Society of Human Genetics
Publisher Date	2001-11-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	The American Society of Human Genetics
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Genetics (clinical)

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