NDLI: Hepatocyte growth factor is a preferred in vitro substrate for human hepsin, a membrane-anchored serine protease implicated in prostate and ovarian cancers

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Herter, Sylvia Piper, Derek E. Aaron, Wade Gabriele, Timothy Cutler, Gene Cao, Ping Bhatt, Ami S. Choe, Youngchool Craik, Charles S. Walker, Nigel Meininger, David Hoey, Timothy Austin, Richard J.
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	Hepsin is a membrane-anchored, trypsin-like serine protease with prominent expression in the human liver and tumours of the prostate and ovaries. To better understand the biological functions of hepsin, we identified macromolecular substrates employing a tetrapeptide PS-SCL (positional scanning-synthetic combinatorial library) screen that rapidly determines the P1–P4 substrate specificity. Hepsin exhibited strong preference at the P1 position for arginine over lysine, and favoured threonine, leucine or asparagine at the P2, glutamine or lysine at the P3, and proline or lysine at the P4 position. The relative activity of hepsin toward individual AMC (7-amino-4-methylcoumarin)-tetrapeptides was generally consistent with the overall peptide profiling results derived from the PC-SCL screen. The most active tetrapeptide substrate Ac (acetyl)-KQLR-AMC matched with the activation cleavage site of the hepatocyte growth factor precursor sc-HGF (single-chain HGF), KQLR↓VVNG (where ↓ denotes the cleavage site), as identified by a database analysis of trypsin-like precursors. X-ray crystallographic studies with KQLR chloromethylketone showed that the KQLR peptide fits well into the substrate-binding cleft of hepsin. This hepsin-processed HGF induced c-Met receptor tyrosine phosphorylation in SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cells, indicating that the hepsin-cleaved HGF is biologically active. Activation cleavage site mutants of sc-HGF with predicted non-preferred sequences, DPGR↓VVNG or KQLQ↓VVNG, were not processed, illustrating that the P4–P1 residues can be important determinants for substrate specificity. In addition to finding macromolecular hepsin substrates, the extracellular inhibitors of the HGF activator, HAI-1 and HAI-2, were potent inhibitors of hepsin activity (IC50 4±0.2 nM and 12±0.5 nM respectively). Together, our findings suggest that the HGF precursor is a potential in vivo substrate for hepsin in tumours, where hepsin expression is dysregulated and may influence tumorigenesis through inappropriate activation and/or regulation of HGF receptor (c-Met) functions.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20041955
Ending Page	136
Page Count	12
Starting Page	125
File Format	PDF
ISSN	02646021
e-ISSN	14708728
Journal	Biochemical Journal
Issue Number	Pt 1
Volume Number	390
Language	English
Publisher	Portland Press Ltd.
Publisher Date	2005-08-15
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Portland Press Ltd.
Subject Keyword	Cell Biology Biochemistry Molecular Biology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Molecular Biology Biochemistry

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