NDLI: Inhibitor κB-like proteins from a polydnavirus inhibit NF-κB activation and suppress the insect immune response

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Thoetkiattikul, Honglada Beck, Markus H. Strand, Michael R.
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	Complex signaling pathways regulate the innate immune system of insects, with NF-κB transcription factors playing a central role in the activation of antimicrobial peptides and other immune genes. Although numerous studies have characterized the immune responses of insects to pathogens, comparatively little is known about the counterstrategies pathogens have evolved to circumvent host defenses. Among the most potent immunosuppressive pathogens of insects are polydnaviruses that are symbiotically associated with parasitoid wasps. Here, we report that the Microplitis demolitor bracovirus encodes a family of genes with homology to inhibitor κB (IκB) proteins from insects and mammals. Functional analysis of two of these genes, H4 and N5, were conducted in Drosophila S2 cells. Recombinant H4 and N5 greatly reduced the expression of drosomycin and attacin reporter constructs, which are under NF-κB regulation through the Toll and Imd pathways. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments indicated that H4 and N5 bound to the Rel proteins Dif and Relish, and N5 also weakly bound to Dorsal. H4 and N5 also inhibited binding of Dif and Relish to κB sites in the promoters of the drosomycin and cecropin A1 genes. Collectively, these results indicate that H4 and N5 function as IκBs and, circumstantially, suggest that other IκB-like gene family members are involved in the suppression of the insect immune system.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0505240102
Ending Page	11431
Page Count	6
Starting Page	11426
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	32
Volume Number	102
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2005-08-09
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	National Academy of Sciences
Subject Keyword	General Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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