NDLI: Viscoelastic response of fibroblasts to tension transmitted through adherens junctions.

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Ragsdale, G. K. Phelps, J. Luby-phelps, K.
Abstract	Cytoplasmic deformation was monitored by observing the displacements of 200-nm green fluorescent beads microinjected into the cytoplasm of Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts. We noted a novel protrusion of nonruffling cell margins that was accompanied by axial flow of beads and cytoplasmic vesicles as far as 50 microm behind the protruding plasma membrane. Fluorescent analog cytochemistry and immunofluorescence localization of F-actin, alpha-actinin, N-cadherin, and beta-catenin showed that the protruding margins of deforming cells were mechanically coupled to neighboring cells by adherens junctions. Observations suggested that protrusion resulted from passive linear deformation in response to tensile stress exerted by centripetal contraction of the neighboring cell. The time dependence of cytoplasmic strain calculated from the displacements of beads and vesicles was fit quantitatively by a Kelvin-Voight model for a viscoelastic solid with a mean limiting strain of 0.58 and a mean strain rate of 4.3 x 10(-3) s(-1). In rare instances, the deforming cell and its neighbor spontaneously became uncoupled, and recoil of the protruding margin was observed. The time dependence of strain during recoil also fit a Kelvin-Voight model with similar parameters, suggesting that the kinetics of deformation primarily reflect the mechanical properties of the deformed cell rather than the contractile properties of its neighbor. The existence of mechanical coupling between adjacent fibroblasts through adherens junctions and the viscoelastic responses of cells to tension transmitted directly from cell to cell are factors that must be taken into account to fully understand the role of fibroblasts in such biological processes as wound closure and extracellular matrix remodeling during tissue development.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3495(97)78309-7
Ending Page	2808
Page Count	11
Starting Page	2798
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00063495
e-ISSN	15420086
Journal	Biophysical Journal
Issue Number	5
Volume Number	73
Language	English
Publisher Date	1997-11-01
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Biophysics Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biophysics

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