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| Content Provider | PubMed Central |
|---|---|
| Author | Reus, Katrin Mayer, Jens Sauter, Marlies Zischler, Hans Nikolaus, Müller-lantzsch Meese, Eckart |
| Copyright Year | 2001 |
| Abstract | Sequences homologous to the human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) family HERV-K(HML-2) are present in all Old World primate species. A previous study showed that a central region of the HERV-K(HML-2) gag genes in Hominoidea species displays a 96-bp deletion compared to the gag genes in lower Old World primates. The more ancient HERV-K(HML-2) sequences present in lower Old World primates were apparently not conserved during hominoid evolution, as opposed to the deletion variants. To further clarify the evolutionary origin of the HERV-K(HML-2) family, we screened GenBank with the 96-bp gag-sequence characteristic of lower Old World primates and identified, to date, 10 human sequence entries harboring either full-length or partially deleted proviral structures, probably representing remnants of a more ancient HERV-K(HML-2) variant. The high degree of mutations demonstrates the long-time presence of these HERV-K(OLD) proviruses in the genome. Nevertheless, they still belong to the HML-2 family as deduced from dot matrix and phylogenetic analyses. We estimate, based on the family ages of integrated Alu elements and on long terminal repeat (LTR) divergence data, that the average age of HERV-K(OLD) proviruses is ca. 28 million years, supporting an integration time before the evolutionary split of Hominoidea from lower Old World primates. Analysis of HERV-K(OLD) LTR sequences led to the distinction of two subgroups, both of which cluster with LTRs belonging to an evolutionarily older cluster. Taken together, our data give further insight into the evolutionary history of the HERV-K(HML-2) family during primate evolution. |
| Related Links | http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.75.19.8917-8926.2001 |
| Ending Page | 8926 |
| Page Count | 10 |
| Starting Page | 8917 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 0022538X |
| e-ISSN | 10985514 |
| Journal | Journal of Virology |
| Issue Number | 19 |
| Volume Number | 75 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
| Publisher Date | 2001-10-01 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Rights Holder | American Society for Microbiology |
| Subject Keyword | Immunology Virology Research in Higher Education |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Virology Immunology Microbiology Insect Science |
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