NDLI: Cellulose Catabolism by Clostridium cellulolyticum Growing in Batch Culture on Defined Medium

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Desvaux, Mickaël Guedon, Emmanuel Henri, Petitdemange
Copyright Year	2000
Abstract	A reinvestigation of cellulose degradation by Clostridium cellulolyticum in a bioreactor with pH control of the batch culture and using a defined medium was performed. Depending on cellulose concentration, the carbon flow distribution was affected, showing the high flexibility of the metabolism. With less than 6.7 g of cellulose liter−1, acetate, ethanol, H2, and CO2 were the main end products of the fermentation and cellulose degradation reached more than 85% in 5 days. The electron flow from the glycolysis was balanced by the production of H2 and ethanol, the latter increasing with increasing initial cellulose concentration. From 6.7 to 29.1 g of cellulose liter−1, the percentage of cellulose degradation declined; most of the cellulase activity remained on the cellulose fibers, the maximum cell density leveled off, and the carbon flow was reoriented from ethanol to acetate. In addition to that of previously indicated end products, lactate production rose, and, surprisingly enough, pyruvate overflow occurred. Concomitantly the molar growth yield and the energetic yield of the biomass decreased. Growth arrest may be linked to sufficiently high carbon flow, leading to the accumulation of an intracellular inhibitory compound(s), as observed on cellobiose (E. Guedon, M. Desvaux, S. Payot, and H. Petitdemange, Microbiology 145:1831–1838, 1999). These results indicated that bacterial metabolism exhibited on cellobiose was distorted compared to that exhibited on a substrate more closely related to the natural ecosystem of C. cellulolyticum. To overcome growth arrest and to improve degradation at high cellulose concentrations (29.1 g liter−1), a reinoculation mode was evaluated. This procedure resulted in an increase in the maximum dry weight of cells (2,175 mg liter−1), cellulose solubilization (95%), and end product concentrations compared to a classical batch fermentation with a final dry weight of cells of 580 mg liter−1 and 45% cellulose degradation within 18 days.
Starting Page	2461
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10985336
e-ISSN	10985336
Journal	Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Issue Number	6
Volume Number	66
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Microbiology
Publisher Date	2000-06-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Microbiology
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Food Science Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Biotechnology

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