NDLI: Succession of Internal Sulfur Cycles and Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacterial Communities in Microaerophilic Wastewater Biofilms

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Okabe, Satoshi Ito, Tsukasa Sugita, Kenichi Satoh, Hisashi
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	The succession of sulfur-oxidizing bacterial (SOB) community structure and the complex internal sulfur cycle occurring in wastewater biofilms growing under microaerophilic conditions was analyzed by using a polyphasic approach that employed 16S rRNA gene-cloning analysis combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization, microelectrode measurements, and standard batch and reactor experiments. A complete sulfur cycle was established via S0 accumulation within 80 days in the biofilms in replicate. This development was generally split into two phases, (i) a sulfur-accumulating phase and (ii) a sulfate-producing phase. In the first phase (until about 40 days), since the sulfide production rate (sulfate-reducing activity) exceeded the maximum sulfide-oxidizing capacity of SOB in the biofilms, H2S was only partially oxidized to S0 by mainly Thiomicrospira denitirificans with NO3 − as an electron acceptor, leading to significant accumulation of S0 in the biofilms. In the second phase, the SOB populations developed further and diversified with time. In particular, S0 accumulation promoted the growth of a novel strain, strain SO07, which predominantly carried out the oxidation of S0 to SO4 2− under oxic conditions, and Thiothrix sp. strain CT3. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that the dense populations of Thiothrix (ca. 109 cells cm−3) and strain SO07 (ca. 108 cells cm−3) were found at the sulfur-rich surface (100 μm), while the population of Thiomicrospira denitirificans was distributed throughout the biofilms with a density of ca. 107 to 108 cells cm−3. Microelectrode measurements revealed that active sulfide-oxidizing zones overlapped the spatial distributions of different phylogenetic SOB groups in the biofilms. As a consequence, the sulfide-oxidizing capacities of the biofilms became high enough to completely oxidize all H2S produced by SRB to SO4 2− in the second phase, indicating establishment of the complete sulfur cycle in the biofilms.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.5.2520-2529.2005
Ending Page	2529
Page Count	10
Starting Page	2520
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00992240
e-ISSN	10985336
Journal	Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Issue Number	5
Volume Number	71
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Microbiology
Publisher Date	2005-05-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Microbiology
Subject Keyword	Biotechnology Food Science Ecology Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Food Science Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Biotechnology

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