NDLI: The Wolbachia Genome of Brugia malayi: Endosymbiont Evolution within a Human Pathogenic Nematode

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Foster, Jeremy Ganatra, Mehul Kamal, Ibrahim Ware, Jennifer Makarova, Kira Ivanova, Natalia Bhattacharyya, Anamitra Vinayak, Kapatral Kumar, Sanjay Janos, Posfai Vincze, Tamas Ingram, Jessica Moran, Laurie Lapidus, Alla Omelchenko, Marina Nikos, Kyrpides Ghedin, Elodie Wang, Shiliang Eugene, Goltsman Victor, Joukov Ostrovskaya, Olga Tsukerman, Kiryl Mazur, Mikhail Comb, Donald Koonin, Eugene Barton, Slatko
Editor	Moran, Nancy A.
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	Complete genome DNA sequence and analysis is presented for Wolbachia, the obligate alpha-proteobacterial endosymbiont required for fertility and survival of the human filarial parasitic nematode Brugia malayi. Although, quantitatively, the genome is even more degraded than those of closely related Rickettsia species, Wolbachia has retained more intact metabolic pathways. The ability to provide riboflavin, flavin adenine dinucleotide, heme, and nucleotides is likely to be Wolbachia's principal contribution to the mutualistic relationship, whereas the host nematode likely supplies amino acids required for Wolbachia growth. Genome comparison of the Wolbachia endosymbiont of B. malayi (wBm) with the Wolbachia endosymbiont of Drosophila melanogaster (wMel) shows that they share similar metabolic trends, although their genomes show a high degree of genome shuffling. In contrast to wMel, wBm contains no prophage and has a reduced level of repeated DNA. Both Wolbachia have lost a considerable number of membrane biogenesis genes that apparently make them unable to synthesize lipid A, the usual component of proteobacterial membranes. However, differences in their peptidoglycan structures may reflect the mutualistic lifestyle of wBm in contrast to the parasitic lifestyle of wMel. The smaller genome size of wBm, relative to wMel, may reflect the loss of genes required for infecting host cells and avoiding host defense systems. Analysis of this first sequenced endosymbiont genome from a filarial nematode provides insight into endosymbiont evolution and additionally provides new potential targets for elimination of cutaneous and lymphatic human filarial disease.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0030121
Starting Page	121
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15457885
e-ISSN	15457885
Journal	PLoS Biology
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	3
Language	English
Publisher	Public Library of Science
Publisher Date	2005-03-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Public Library of Science
Subject Keyword	Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all) Immunology and Microbiology(all) Neuroscience(all) Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all) Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neuroscience Immunology and Microbiology Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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