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Developmental Profiles of Arithmetic Fluency Skills from Grades 1 to 9 and their Early Identification
| Content Provider | PsyArXiv |
|---|---|
| Author | Psyridou, Maria Torppa, Minna Tolvanen, Asko Poikkeus, Anna-Maija Lerkkanen, Marja-Kristiina Koponen, Tuire |
| Description | The aim of the present study was to examine the kinds of developmental profiles of arithmetic fluency skills that can be identified across Grades 1 to 9 (ages 7 to 16) in a large Finnish sample (n = 2,518). The study also examined whether membership in the developmental profiles could be predicted using a comprehensive set of kindergarten-age factors, including information on cognitive skills, motivational, parental, and home environment factors, and gender. Four profiles of arithmetic fluency skills development were identified using a factor mixture model: persistent arithmetic difficulties (12.23%), precocious onset (50.24%), delayed onset (36.96%), and precocious onset with a Grade 7 drop (.06%). The Cholesky models predicting membership in the three largest profiles suggested that overall, the strongest kindergarten-age predictors were cognitive skills (especially counting, number concepts, spatial relations, rapid automatized naming [RAN], phonological awareness, and letter knowledge), but motivational, parental, and home environment factors were also significant. Membership in the profile with precocious onset was predicted by most of the kindergarten-age measures, suggesting that the strengths in early skills, as well as motivation, parental, and home environment factors, are reflected in the advanced start in arithmetic development at school. The profiles with delayed onset and persistent difficulties were similar in most kindergarten-age measures but differed in task avoidance and four cognitive skills (letter knowledge, counting, number concept, and RAN), suggesting that these factors predict differential development over the longer term. |
| DOI | 10.31234/osf.io/cn83p |
| Language | English |
| Publisher Date | 2023-03-20 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Rights License | CC-By Attribution 4.0 International |
| Subject Keyword | Social and Behavioral Sciences;Developmental Psychology;Quantitative Methods;Educational Psychology;Cognitive Psychology Arithmetic Skills Cognitive Skills Developmental Profiles Gender Home Learning Environment Motivation Parental Factors Parental Math Difficulties Prediction |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Preprint |
| Subject | Social Sciences Developmental and Educational Psychology Mathematics Experimental and Cognitive Psychology |
