Synthesis of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Aerogels by a Non-Alkoxide Sol-Gel Route

Content Provider	United States Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)
Author	Clapsaddle, B. J. Chiu, H. W. Gash, A. E. Satcher, J. H. (Jr.)
Organization	Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Abstract	Homogeneous, nanocrystalline powders of yttria-stabilized zirconia were prepared using a nonalkoxide sol-gel method. Monolithic gels, free of precipitation, were prepared by addition of propylene oxide to aqueous solutions of Zr{sup 4+} and Y{sup 3+} chlorides at room temperature. The gels were dried with supercritical CO{sub 2}(l), resulting in amorphous aerogels that crystallized into cubic stabilized ZrO{sub 2} following calcination at 500 C. The aerogels and resulting crystalline products were characterized using in-situ temperature profile X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption analysis. TEM and N{sub 2} adsorption/desorption analysis of an aerogel indicated a porous network structure with a high surface area (409 m{sup 2}/g). The crystallized yttria-stabilized zirconia maintained high surface area (159 m{sup 2}/g) upon formation of homogeneous, nanoparticles ({approx}10 nm). Ionic conductivity at 1000 C of sintered YSZ (1500 C, 3 hours) prepared by this method, was 0.13 {+-} 0.02 {Omega}{sup -1} cm{sup -1}. Activation energies for the conduction processes from 1000-550 C and 550-400 C, were 0.95 {+-} 0.09 and 1.12 {+-} 0.05 eV, respectively. This is the first reported synthesis and characterization of yttria-stabilized zirconia via an aerogel precursor.
Sponsorship	USDOE
Related Links	https://www.osti.gov/biblio/950082
Page Count	26
File Size	2097152
File Format	PDF
ISSN	08974756
DOI	10.1021/cm0503679
Journal	Chemistry of Materials
Volume Number	17
Issue Number	13
Language	English
Publisher Date	2005-02-11
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	MATERIALS SCIENCE ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILITZATION INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS CALCINATION CHLORIDES IONIC CONDUCTIVITY NITROGEN OXIDES PRECIPITATION PRECURSOR PROPYLENE SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY SURFACE AREA SYNTHESIS THERMAL ANALYSIS TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Chemistry Materials Chemistry Chemical Engineering