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| Content Provider | OECD iLibrary |
|---|---|
| Organization | OECD |
| Abstract | Growth in agricultural production was among the highest across OECD countries, between 1990-92 and 2002-04 (Figure 3.25.2). But between 1990 and 2003 the share of agriculture in GDP declined from 5% to just over 3% and the share of farm employment in total employment from nearly 10% to 5% [1] (Figure 3.25.1). Agriculture’s use of natural resources is significant and accounted for 59% of total land use (2002-04) and 60% of water use (2001-03) [1, 2]. Agricultural production is intensifying on a smaller area of land and is being concentrated in fewer farms [1]. The total area farmed declined by 3.5% between 1990 and 2004, compared to the average for the EU15 of over 5% [1]. During this time the use of farm inputs rose, resulting in higher agricultural productivity and the substitution of labour by purchased inputs since 1990. The rise in the volume of purchased farm inputs over the period 1990-92 to 2002-04 included: nitrogen (5%) and phosphate inorganic fertilisers (13%), pesticides (11%); on-farm energy use (39%) and water use (9%) (Figure 3.25.2). Underlying these changes has been greater regional specialisation in production [3] and a shift from crop to livestock output, with the volume of livestock production rising by nearly 37% (for all livestock types except dairy cows) compared to an increase of 22% in crop production between 1990-92 and 2002-04. Even so, crop production contributes the major share of the total value of agricultural production (over 60% in 2003), and for some crops output has risen more rapidly than for livestock, especially for irrigated crops including olives, vine and horticultural products [1]. |
| Page Count | 24 |
| Starting Page | 472 |
| Ending Page | 485 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | OECD Publishing |
| Publisher Date | 2008-06-16 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Agriculture and Food Environment |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Chapter |
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