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| Content Provider | OECD iLibrary |
|---|---|
| Organization | OECD |
| Abstract | Les économistes ont explicité les caractéristiques que devraient revêtir, idéalement, des instruments de politique environnementale obéissant aux lois du marché – mais ces avis théoriques sont rarement confortés par la pratique. Les États ne pouvant concevoir et appliquer des mesures sans prendre en compte les réalités politiques, on observe, le plus souvent, des écarts entre la théorie et la pratique. Tout d’abord, quand les économistes mettent l’accent sur l’élaboration d’un outil « optimal » au service d’un objectif principal (l’efficience économique), la réalité politique peut imposer la prise en compte pragmatique d’autres objectifs dont la cohérence n’est pas systématique. Deuxièmement, les autorités ne sont pas les gardiens omniscients et omnipotents du bien-être social : il leur faut composer avec des groupes de pression qui, eux aussi, représentent des intérêts en conflit. Il ressort de ces affrontements que la politique effectivement menée et la politique « optimale » coïncident rarement. Cet écart, et les processus qui le façonnent, constituent l’un des grands thèmes d’étude en économie politique. |
| Page Count | 46 |
| Starting Page | 115 |
| Ending Page | 142 |
| Language | French |
| Publisher | OECD Publishing |
| Publisher Date | 2006-11-08 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Environment Taxation |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Chapter |
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