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| Content Provider | OECD iLibrary |
|---|---|
| Organization | OECD |
| Abstract | L’asthme, affection qui se caractérise par une hyperréactivité et une inflammation chronique du système bronchique, est la maladie chronique la plus courante chez l’enfant et sa prévalence s’est accrue au cours des dernières décennies. La prévalence de l’asthme chez les enfants aux États-Unis a doublé depuis les années 80 pour atteindre 9 % (Moorman et al., 2007). L’asthme persiste à l’âge adulte chez au moins 25 % des enfants (Sears et al., 2003). Approximativement 30 millions de personnes en Europe souffrent d’asthme (Masoli et al., 2004). La maladie pulmonaire obstructive chronique (MPOC), ou bronchite chronique, est actuellement la quatrième cause de décès dans le monde (OMS, 2006). Le facteur de risque le plus important est la consommation de tabac qui est la cause de 80 % à 90 % des cas de MPOC. Les fumeurs ont plus de dix fois plus de risque de mourir de MPOC que les non-fumeurs (HHS, 2004). Environ 11.2 millions de personnes aux États-Unis ont une MPOC déclarée et 24 millions ont des signes de dégradation de la fonction pulmonaire pouvant correspondre aux premiers stades d’une MPOC (ALA, 2009). |
| Page Count | 2 |
| Starting Page | 116 |
| Ending Page | 117 |
| Language | French |
| Publisher | OECD Publishing |
| Publisher Date | 2009-12-08 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Social Issues/Migration/Health |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Chapter |
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